He nui ka poʻe i ʻike ʻo ke kumu o nā masks surgical a me nā masks N95 ka papa waena - meltblown cotton.
Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe i ʻike, e nānā mua kāua. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā masks ʻokiʻoki i ʻekolu papa, ʻo nā ʻāpana ʻelua o waho he lole spunbond ʻaʻole i ulana ʻia a ʻo ka papa waena he pulupulu hehee. ʻO ka lole spunbond ʻaʻole i ulana ʻia a i ʻole ka pulupulu hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, ʻaʻole i hana ʻia me ka pulupulu, akā me ka polypropylene plastic (PP).
Ua wehewehe ʻo Behnam Pourdeyhimi, ka luna hoʻomalu o ka Institute of Non woven Materials ma North Carolina State University a me ke kumu aʻoaʻo o ka ʻepekema waiwai, ʻo ka mua a me hope o ka lole i ulana ʻole ʻia ma nā masks surgical ʻaʻole hiki ke kānana i nā microorganism. Hiki iā lākou ke ālai i nā kulu wai, a ʻo ka papa waena wale nō o ka pulupulu hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka hana o ke kānana ʻana i ka bacteria.
ʻO ka hana kānana o ka lole i ulana ʻole ʻia.
ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua hoʻoholo ʻia ka pono kānana (FE) o nā fiber e ko lākou awelika anawaena a me ka paʻa paʻa. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ke anawaena fiber, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka pono kānana.
ʻO ke anawaena o nā pulupulu hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i hoʻopau ʻia ma kahi o 0.5-10 microns, ʻoiai ʻo ke anawaena o nā spunbond layer fibers ma kahi o 20 microns. Ma muli o ka ultrafine fibers, hehee ka pulupulu he nui ka ili a hiki ke hoʻopili i nā ʻāpana micro like ʻole. ʻO ka mea ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, ʻo ka pulupulu hoʻoheheʻe ʻia he mea hanu, e lilo ia i mea maikaʻi no ka hana ʻana i nā kānana mask, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ʻo ka lole spunbond non-woven.
E nānā kākou i ke kaʻina hana o kēia mau ʻano ʻeluanā lole i ulana ʻole ʻia.
I ka hana ʻana i ka lole spunbond non-woven, hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka polypropylene a huki ʻia i loko o ke kilika, a laila e hana i ka mesh——I hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā lole spunbond nonwoven, ʻoi aku ka ʻenehana ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pulupulu meltblown.
Ke kaʻina hana o ka pulupulu hehee puhi
Hiki i ka mīkini ke hoʻohua i ke kahe ea wela kiʻekiʻe, ka mea e pīpī i ka polypropylene i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia mai ka puka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi melt jet nozzle, me ka hopena like me ka spray.
Hoʻopili ʻia nā pulu ultrafine noe ma luna o nā wili a i ʻole nā papa e hana i nā lole i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻole i ulana ʻia - ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka hoʻoikaika ʻana no ka ʻenehana hoʻoheheʻe ʻia mai ke ʻano. ʻAʻole paha ʻoe i ʻike i ka hana ʻana o ke ʻano i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe ʻia. He mau wig ano e ke nana aku ma kahi o ka lua pele, oia ka lauoho o Pele, i hanaia me ka pelemaka basaltic i puhiia e ka makani wela o ka lua pele.
I ka makahiki 1950, ua hoʻohana mua ka US Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) i ka ʻenehana meltblown no ka hana ʻana i nā fibers no ke kānana ʻana i nā mea radioactive. I kēia mau lā, ʻaʻole hoʻohana wale ʻia ka ʻenehana hoʻoheheʻe ʻia e hana i nā mea kānana no ka kānana ʻana i ka wai a me ke kinoea, akā no ka hana ʻana i nā mea insulation ʻoihana e like me ka hulu hipa mineral. Eia naʻe, ʻo ka pono kānana o ka pulupulu meltblown ponoʻī he 25% wale nō. Pehea i hiki mai ai ka 95% filtration efficiency o N95 masks?
He hana koʻikoʻi kēia i ke kaʻina hana o ka lāʻau meltblown cotton - electrostatic polarization treatment.
E like me kēia, e like me kā mākou i ʻōlelo ai, pili ka filtration efficiency o nā masks i ko lākou diameter a me ka hoʻopiha piha. Eia nō naʻe, inā i ulana paʻa loa, ʻaʻole e hanu ka maka a ʻoluʻolu ʻole ka mea nāna e hoʻohana. Inā ʻaʻole i hana ʻia ka mālama ʻana i ka electrostatic polarization, ʻo ka filtration efficiency o ka lole i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia e hiki ai ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka poʻe i ka liʻiliʻi he 25%.
Pehea e hiki ai iā mākou ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hanu ʻoiai e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i ka pono kānana?
I ka makahiki 1995, ua puka mai ka ʻepekema ʻenekinia ʻo Peter P. Tsai mai ke Kulanui o Tennessee me ka manaʻo o ka ʻenehana hoʻoheheʻe electrostatic i hoʻohana ʻia i ka kānana ʻoihana.
Ma ka ʻoihana (e like me nā kapuahi hale hana), hoʻohana nā ʻenekinia i ke kahua uila e hoʻopiʻi i nā ʻāpana a laila hoʻohana i ka mana mana e omo iā lākou i mea e kānana i nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi loa.
Ke hoʻohana nei i ka ʻenehana electrostatic precipitator e kānana i ka ea
Hoʻoulu ʻia e kēia ʻenehana, nui ka poʻe i hoʻāʻo e electrified fiber plastic, akā ʻaʻole i kūleʻa. Akā, ua hana ʻo Cai Bingyi. Ua noʻonoʻo ʻo ia i kahi ala e hoʻopaʻa ai i ka plastic, ionizing i ka ea a me ka electrostatically charging i ka meltblown fabric, e hoʻohuli iā ia i electret, kahi mea i hoʻopaʻa mau ʻia e like me Pikachu.
Ma hope o ka hoʻololi ʻia ʻana i Pikachu, ʻaʻole hiki i kahi papa o Pikachu melt blown ʻaʻole hiki ke piʻi wale i 10 mau papa me ka ʻole o ka uila, akā e huki pū kekahi i nā ʻāpana me ke anawaena o 100 nm, e like me COVID-19.
Hiki ke ʻōlelo ʻia me ka ʻenehana ʻo Cai Bingyi, ua hana ʻia nā masks N95. Mālama ʻia nā piliona ola o nā kānaka a puni ka honua e kēia ʻenehana.
I ka manawa like, ua kapa ʻia ʻo Cai Bingyi's electrostatic charging technique i ka corona electrostatic charging, ʻo ia ke ʻano like o ka corona e like me ka coronavirus, akā eia ʻo corona ke ʻano o ka corona.
Ma hope o ka nānā ʻana i ke kaʻina hana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka pulupulu, e hoʻomaopopo ʻoe i kona pilikia ʻenehana. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka mea paʻakikī loa o ka hana ʻana i ka pulupulu hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻo ia paha ka hana mīkini o ka pulupulu meltblown.
I Malaki o kēia makahiki, ua haʻi ʻo Markus Mü ller, ka luna kūʻai o Reicol, kahi mea hoʻolako Kelemania i nā mīkini meltblown, i ka hālāwai ninaninau me NPR i mea e hōʻoia ai i ka maikaʻi o nā fibers a me ka maikaʻi paʻa, pono nā mīkini hoʻoheheʻe i ka pololei kiʻekiʻe a paʻakikī ke hana. ʻO ka hana a me ka manawa hui o kahi mīkini ma kahi o 5-6 mau mahina, a hiki i ke kumukūʻai o kēlā me kēia mīkini ke hiki i $ 4 miliona. Eia nō naʻe, he nui nā mīkini ma ka mākeke i nā pae maikaʻi ʻole.
ʻO Hills, Inc. ma Florida kekahi o nā mea hana liʻiliʻi ma ka honua e hiki ke hana i nā nozzles lako pulupulu meltblown. Ua ʻōlelo pū ʻo Timothy Robson, ka luna R&D o ka hui, he kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe nā mea ʻenehana meltblown o ka pulupulu.
ʻOiai ʻo ka hana ʻana o nā masks makahiki a Kina e pili ana i ka 50% o ka huina o ka honua, e hana ana i ka mea hana nui a me ka mea hoʻopuka i nā masks, e like me ka ʻikepili mai ka China Industrial Textile Industry Association i Pepeluali, ʻo ka hana ʻana o ka meltblown non-woven fabrics ma lalo o 100000 tons i kēlā me kēia makahiki.
Ke noʻonoʻo nei i ke kumukūʻai a me ka manawa hāʻawi o nā mīkini hana lole meltblown, ʻaʻole hiki i nā ʻoihana liʻiliʻi ke hana i ka nui o ka pulupulu meltblown kūpono i ka manawa pōkole.
Pehea e hoʻoholo ai inā kūpono ka mask i kūʻai ʻia a hana ʻia me ka pulupulu hoʻoheheʻe ʻia?
He maʻalahi loa ke ʻano, e lawe i ʻekolu mau ʻanuʻu.
ʻO ka mea mua, no ka mea he wai wai ka papa waho o ka lole spunbond non-woven i loko o nā kuki sandwich, pono e wai ʻole nā mask lapaʻau kūpono. Inā ʻaʻole lākou he wai, pehea lā e hiki ai iā lākou ke kānana i nā kulu kulu ʻia mai ka waha? Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻāʻo e ninini i ka wai ma luna e like me kēia kaikuaʻana.
ʻO ka lua, ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka polypropylene e puhi i ke ahi a hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ke ʻike ʻia i ka wela, no laila ʻaʻole e wela ka pulupulu hoʻoheheʻe ʻia. Inā kālua ʻia me ka māmā, e ʻōwili ʻia ka pulupulu hehee a hāʻule, akā ʻaʻole e pau ke ahi. I nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, inā wela ka papa waena o ka mask āu e kūʻai ai i ka wā i kālua ʻia me ka māmā, he hoʻopunipuni maoli nō ia.
ʻO ke kolu, ʻo Pikachu ka pulupulu hoʻoheheʻe lapaʻau, nona ka uila paʻa, no laila hiki iā ia ke ʻohi i nā ʻāpana pepa liʻiliʻi.
ʻOiaʻiʻo, inā pono ʻoe e hoʻohana i ka mask like i nā manawa he nui, ʻo ka mea hana o N95, ʻo Cai Bingyi, he mau manaʻo disinfection.
Ma ka lā Malaki 25 o kēia makahiki, ua ʻōlelo ʻo Cai Bingyi ma ka pūnaewele o ke Kulanui o Tennessee e paʻa loa ka hopena electrostatic polarization o nā māka lapaʻau a me nā masks N95. ʻOiai inā hoʻopau ʻia nā masks me ka ea wela ma 70 degere Celsius no 30 mau minuke, ʻaʻole ia e pili i nā waiwai polarization o nā masks. Eia naʻe, e lawe aku ka waiʻona i ka hoʻopiʻi o ka lole hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, no laila, mai disinfect i ka mask me ka waiʻona.
Ma ke ala, ma muli o ka ikaika o ka absorption, ka pale, ka kānana, a me nā mākau pale leakage o ka meltblown cotton, nui nā huahana wahine a me nā diapers i hana pū ʻia me ia. ʻO Kimberly Clark ka mea mua i noi no nā patent pili.
Dongguan Liansheng Non ulana 'enehana Co., Ltd.ua hoʻokumu ʻia ma Mei 2020. He ʻoihana hana lole lole ʻaʻole i ulana nui ʻia e hoʻohui i ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana, ka hana ʻana, a me ke kūʻai aku. Hiki iā ia ke hana i nā kala like ʻole o ka PP spunbond non-woven fabrics me ka laulā o lalo o 3.2 mika mai 9 grams a 300 grams.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Oct-26-2024