He aha ka mea i hana ʻia ai ka mask? He aha ka N95?

Ma hope o ka maʻi maʻi coronavirus hou, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka poʻe i ʻike i ka hana nui o nā masks. No laila, ʻo kēia ʻike ʻepekema e pili ana i nā masks. Maopopo anei ʻoe?

Pehea e koho ai i kahi mask?

Ma ke ʻano o ka hoʻolālā ʻana, inā helu ʻia e like me ka mea nui o ka mea nāna e hoʻohana pono i ka pale pono (mai ke kiʻekiʻe a i ka haʻahaʻa): N95 masks>surgical masks>maʻamau lapaʻau masks maʻamau.

No ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi coronavirus hou, nā masks lapaʻau lapaʻau a me nā masks me ka kānana ʻana o nā mea ʻaila ʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 95%, e like me N95, KN95, DS2, FFP2, loaʻa ka hopena pale.

Ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā maka lapaʻau

I kēia manawa, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā masks lapaʻau ma Kina i ʻekolu mau ʻano: nā masks pale olakino me ka pae kiʻekiʻe loa o ka pale, nā mea lapaʻau lapaʻau maʻamau i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i nā wahi hana invasive e like me nā keʻena hana, a me nā māka lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau.

ʻO nā mea o nā maka lapaʻau

'Ōlelo maʻamau mākou ua hanaʻia nā masks i nā mea lole loleʻole,ʻo ia ka mea i ulanaʻoleʻia e hoʻohālikelikeʻia me ka lole lole. Hoʻokumu ʻia ia me nā fiber oriented a i ʻole random. No nā masks, he polypropylene (PP) kā lākou mau mea maka, a ʻo nā masks lapaʻau maʻamau he ʻano multi-layer, i kapa ʻia ʻo SMS structure.

ʻIke kemika

ʻO ka polypropylene, ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo PP, he mea paʻa kala ʻole, ʻala ʻole, ʻona ʻole, a me ka semi transparent i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka polymerization o propylene. ʻO ke ʻano molekiko – [CH2CH (CH3)] n -. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka Polypropylene i ka hana ʻana i nā huahana fiber e like me nā lole a me nā pākeke, nā mea lapaʻau, nā kaʻa, nā paikikala, nā ʻāpana, ka lawe ʻana i nā pipelines, nā ipu kemika, a hoʻohana pū ʻia i ka meaʻai a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

Mai ka manaʻo omea huna, Ua lilo ka polypropylene ki'eki'e melting point non-woven fabric kūikawā i mea koho maika'i loa, e hana ana i nā huahana polypropylene me ka melt mass flow rate o 33-41g / min, e hālāwai ana i ke kūlana o ka polypropylene ma'ema'e non-woven.

Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka lole i ulana ʻole ʻia mai ka polypropylene non-woven fabric kūikawā no nā ʻaʻahu ʻokiʻoki, nā pale, nā masks, nā uhi, nā pads absorbent wai a me nā huahana olakino a me ke olakino. I waena o lākou, ua hana ʻia nā masks non-woven i ʻelua mau ʻāpana o ka fiber non-woven fabric i hoʻohana kūikawā ʻia no ka lāʻau lapaʻau a me ke olakino, me kahi papa hou o ka lole kānana kānana me kahi kānana a me ka hopena antibacterial ma luna o 99.999% i hoʻohui ʻia i ka waena, i welded e nā hawewe kani ultrasonic.

ʻAiʻi virus pale lapaʻau

ʻO nā masks hiki ke hāʻawi i ka pale o ka maʻi maʻi e komo pū me nā masks surgical medical and N95 masks. Wahi a ke kūlana aupuni YY 0469-2004 "Nā Manaʻo ʻenehana no nā Mask Surgical Medical", ʻo nā hōʻailona ʻenehana koʻikoʻi e pono e hui ʻia nā masks lapaʻau lapaʻau e pili ana i ka pono kānana, ka pono kānana bacterial, a me ka pale ʻana i ka hanu.

ʻO ka pono kānana: Ma lalo o ke kūlana o ka holoʻana o ka ea (30 ± 2) L / min,ʻaʻole i emi iho ka maikaʻi o ka sodium chloride aerosol me ke anawaena waena o (0.24 ± 0.06) μm i ka aerodynamics ma lalo o 30%;

ʻAʻole emi ka pono kānana no Staphylococcus aureus aerosols me ke anawaena o nā ʻāpana awelika o (3 ± 0.3) μm ma lalo o 95%;

ʻO ke kūpaʻa hanu: Ma lalo o ke ʻano o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka inspiratory ma mua o 49Pa a ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ke kūpaʻa expiratory ma mua o 29.4Pa.

ʻO ka lua o ka hōʻailona no ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka kānana bacteria, ʻo ia ka pono o ka kānana ʻana o Staphylococcus aureus bacterial aerosol ʻaʻole e emi ma lalo o 95%, ʻo ia ke kumu o ka manaʻo N95. No laila, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ʻo nā masks N95 he mau lapaʻau lapaʻau, ua hoʻokō lākou i ka maʻamau o ka 95% filtration efficiency a hiki ke kūpono i ke alo o ke kanaka, no laila hiki iā lākou ke hana maikaʻi i ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi virus.

He lole i ulana ʻole ʻia

ʻO ka mea nui e lawe mai ana i ka hopena kānana virus i kēia mau ʻano masks ʻelua, ʻo ia ka lole kānana i loko o ka electrostatic maikaʻi loa - meltblown non-woven fabric.

ʻO ka mea nui o ka lole hoʻoheheʻe ʻole i ulana ʻia he polypropylene, kahi lole fiber electrostatic ultra-fine hiki ke hopu i ka lepo. Ke hoʻokokoke nā kulu i loko o ka maʻi pneumonia i ka lole i ulana ʻole ʻia, e hoʻopili ʻia lākou i ka electrostatically ma luna o ka ʻili o ka lole ʻaʻole hiki ke hele.

ʻO kēia ke kumu o kēia mea hoʻokaʻawale bacteria. Ma hope o ka hopu ʻia ʻana e nā fibers electrostatic ultrafine, paʻakikī loa ka lepo e wehe ma muli o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana, a ʻo ka holoi ʻana me ka wai hiki ke hōʻino i ka hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe electrostatic. No laila, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kēia ʻano mask i hoʻokahi wale nō. ʻO nā pae kūpono no ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka kānana ʻana o nā masks pālahalaha ʻo ia ka: pae maʻamau, BFE95 (95% filtration efficiency), BFE99 (99% filtration efficiency), VFE95 (99% filtration efficiency), PFE95 (99% filtration efficiency), KN90 (90% filtration efficiency).

haku mele

Hana ʻia nā masks lāʻau lapaʻau i ʻekolu ʻāpana o ka lole i ulana ʻole ʻia. ʻO ka lole spunbond non-woven + meltblown non-woven fabric +lole spunbond ʻaʻole i ulana ʻia. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā pulu pōkole i hoʻokahi papa e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ke ʻano o ka ʻili, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo ES hot-rolled non-woven fabric+meltblown non-woven fabric+spunbond non-woven fabric. Hoʻolālā ʻia ka papa waho o ka mask e pale i nā droplets, kānana ʻia ka papa waena, a ʻo ka hoʻomanaʻo e hoʻomoʻa i ka makū. ʻO nā lole hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ma ke ʻano he 20 grams ke kaumaha.

Hoʻokumu ʻia ka mask type kīʻaha N95 me ka pulupulu kuʻi ʻia, ka lole hoʻoheheʻe, a me ka lole ʻaʻole i ulana ʻia. ʻO ke kaumaha o ka meltblown he 40 grams a ʻoi aku paha, a me ka mānoanoa o ka pulupulu kuʻi ʻia o ka nila, ʻoi aku ka mānoanoa ma mua o nā masks palahalaha i ka nānā ʻana, a hiki i kona hopena pale ke hiki i ka 95%.

ʻAʻole i kuhikuhi ʻia kekahi mau ʻāpana masks ma ke kūlana aupuni GB/T 32610 no nā masks. Inā he maka lapaʻau, pono e loaʻa iā ia he 3 mau papa, ʻo ia ka mea a mākou e kapa ai he SMS (2 papa o ka papa S a me 1 papa o ka papa M). I kēia manawa, ʻo ka helu kiʻekiʻe loa o nā papa ma Kina he 5, ʻo ia ka SMMMS (2 papa o ka papa S a me 3 papa o ka papa M). ʻAʻole paʻakikī ka hana ʻana i nā maka, akā paʻakikī ke hana i ka lole SMMMS. ʻO ke kumu kūʻai o kahi lako lole i ulana ʻole ʻia ma mua o 100 miliona yuan.

Hōʻike ka S ma ʻaneʻi i ka papa spunbond, nona ke anawaena fiber koʻikoʻi ma kahi o 20 micrometers (μm). ʻO ka papa ʻelua Spapa spunbondkākoʻo nui i ke ʻano o ka lole i ulana ʻole ʻia a ʻaʻohe hopena koʻikoʻi i nā waiwai pale.

ʻO ka papa koʻikoʻi i loko o kahi pale pale ka papa pale a i ʻole ka meltblown layer M. ʻO ke anawaena fiber o ka papa hoʻoheheʻe he ʻano lahilahi, ma kahi o 2 micrometers (μm), no laila hoʻokahi hapaʻumi wale nō o ke anawaena o ka papa spunbond. He kuleana koʻikoʻi kēia i ka pale ʻana i ka bacteria a me ke koko mai ke komo ʻana.

Inā nui loa nā ʻāpana S spunbond, e ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka mask, a inā he nui nā ʻāpana M meltblown, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka hanu. No laila, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana i ka mask e hoʻoholo i kona hopena kaʻawale. ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hopena kaʻawale. Eia nō naʻe, inā lilo ka M layer i kiʻi ʻoniʻoni lahilahi, ʻaʻole hiki ke hanu, a paʻa nā maʻi virus, akā ʻaʻole hiki i nā kānaka ke hanu. No laila, he pilikia ʻenehana hoʻi kēia.

No ka hōʻike maikaʻi ʻana i ka pilikia, e hoʻohālikelike mākou i ka spunbond layer S fiber, meltblown layer M fiber, a me ka lauoho ma kēia kiʻi. No ka lauoho me ke anawaena o 1/3, ua kokoke ia i ka spunbond layer fiber, aʻo ka lauoho me ke anawaena o 1/30, ua kokoke ia i ka meltblown layer M fiber. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ke hoʻomohala nei ka poʻe noiʻi i nā fiber ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e hōʻoia i nā waiwai antibacterial a me nā mea pale.

E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka papa M, ʻoi aku ka hiki ke pale i ke komo ʻana o nā mea liʻiliʻi e like me ka bacteria. No ka laʻana, pili ka N95 i ka hiki ke ālai i ka 95% o nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi (0.3 microns) ma lalo o nā kūlana maʻamau. E like me ke kūlana aupuni GB / T 19083 no nā masks pale olakino, ʻo ka kānana pono ʻana o ka mask no nā ʻāpana ʻaila ʻole e hoʻokō i nā koi i ka papa ma lalo nei ma kahi kahe kahe o 85L/min.
Papa 1: Nā pae kānana o nā pale pale lapaʻau

Mai ka wehewehe ʻana ma luna nei, ʻo N95 he mask 5-layer i hana ʻia me ka polypropylene non-woven fabric SMMMS hiki ke kānana i ka 95% o nā ʻāpana maikaʻi.

Dongguan Liansheng Non ulana 'enehana Co., Ltd.ua hoʻokumu ʻia ma Mei 2020. He ʻoihana hana lole lole ʻaʻole i ulana nui ʻia e hoʻohui i ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana, ka hana ʻana, a me ke kūʻai aku. Hiki iā ia ke hana i nā kala like ʻole o ka PP spunbond non-woven fabrics me ka laulā o lalo o 3.2 mika mai 9 grams a 300 grams.