Tom qab muaj tus kab mob coronavirus tshiab, ntau thiab ntau tus neeg tau paub txog lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm lub qhov ncauj qhov ntswg. Yog li, cov kev paub tshawb fawb txog qhov ncauj qhov ntswg.Koj puas paub?
Yuav xaiv lub npog ntsej muag li cas?
Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev tsim, yog ranked raws li qhov tseem ceeb ntawm tus neeg hnav lub peev xwm tiv thaiv (los ntawm siab mus rau qis): N95 qhov ncauj qhov ntswg> qhov ncauj qhov ntswg phais> ib txwm kho mob qhov ncauj qhov ntswg> ib txwm paj rwb qhov ncauj qhov ntswg.
Rau cov kab mob coronavirus tshiab muaj mob ntsws, kho mob phais qhov ncauj qhov ntswg thiab lub qhov ncauj qhov ntswg nrog pom cov khoom tsis muaj roj ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 95%, xws li N95, KN95, DS2, FFP2, muaj qhov cuam tshuam pom tseeb.
Kev faib tawm ntawm daim npog qhov ncauj
Tam sim no, lub qhov ncauj qhov ntswg kho mob hauv Suav teb feem ntau muab faib ua peb hom: daim npog qhov ncauj tiv thaiv kev kho mob nrog qib kev tiv thaiv siab tshaj plaws, daim npog ntsej muag kho mob feem ntau siv rau hauv qhov chaw ua haujlwm tsis zoo xws li chav ua haujlwm, thiab cov qhov ncauj qhov ntswg kho mob zoo tib yam.
Cov khoom siv ntawm lub ntsej muag kho mob
Peb feem ntau hais tias lub qhov ncauj qhov ntswg yog ua los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas tsis yog-woven, uas yog ib tug tsis-woven npuag piv rau textile ntaub. Nws yog tsim los ntawm oriented los yog random fibers. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau lub qhov ncauj qhov ntswg, tag nrho lawv cov khoom siv raw yog polypropylene (PP), thiab lub ntsej muag kho mob feem ntau muaj ntau txheej txheej, feem ntau hu ua SMS qauv.
Kev paub txog tshuaj
Polypropylene, tseem hu ua PP, yog cov xim tsis muaj xim, tsis muaj ntxhiab, tsis muaj tshuaj lom, thiab ib nrab pob tshab khoom tsim los ntawm polymerization ntawm propylene. Cov mis mos molecular yog - [CH2CH (CH3)] n -. Polypropylene yog siv dav hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv fiber ntau xws li khaub ncaws thiab pam vov, khoom siv kho mob, tsheb, tsheb kauj vab, qhov chaw, xa cov kav dej, cov thawv ntim tshuaj, thiab tseem siv rau hauv cov khoom noj thiab tshuaj ntim khoom.
Los ntawm txoj kev xav ntawmcov ntaub ntawv npog ntsej muag, polypropylene siab melting point non-woven npuag tshwj xeeb cov khoom tau dhau los ua qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws, ua cov khoom lag luam polypropylene nrog cov yaj loj txaus ntawm 33-41g / min, ua tau raws li tus qauv ntawm cov khoom siv huv polypropylene tsis-woven npuag.
Cov ntaub ntawv tsis-woven uas tsim los ntawm polypropylene tsis-woven npuag tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem siv rau cov hnab looj tes phais pov tseg, cov ntawv txheeb, qhov ncauj qhov ntswg, npog, cov ntaub so ntswg nqus dej thiab lwm yam khoom siv kho mob thiab kev noj qab haus huv. Ntawm lawv, cov qhov ncauj qhov ntswg uas tsis yog-woven yog ua los ntawm ob txheej ntawm fiber ntau tsis-woven npuag tshwj xeeb yog siv rau kev kho mob thiab kev noj qab haus huv cov hom phiaj, nrog ib txheej ntxiv ntawm cov ntaub lim dej nrog cov pom thiab cov kab mob tua kab mob ntau dua 99.999% ntxiv rau hauv nruab nrab, uas yog welded los ntawm ultrasonic tsis.
Antivirus daim npog qhov ncauj
Cov qhov ncauj qhov ntswg uas tuaj yeem muab kev tiv thaiv kab mob feem ntau suav nrog cov npog ntsej muag kho mob thiab N95 qhov ncauj qhov ntswg. Raws li lub teb chaws tus qauv YY 0469-2004 "Technical Requirements for Medical Surgical Masks", cov kev qhia tseem ceeb uas lub npog ntsej muag kho mob yuav tsum ua kom tau raws li kev pom zoo, cov kab mob pom kev ua haujlwm, thiab ua pa ua pa:
Kev pom zoo: Nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej ntawm huab cua ntws (30 ± 2) L / min, qhov pom kev ua haujlwm ntawm sodium chloride aerosol nrog qhov nruab nrab ntawm (0.24 ± 0.06) μ m hauv aerodynamics tsis tsawg dua 30%;
Bacterial filtration efficiency: Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej, qhov pom kev ua haujlwm zoo rau Staphylococcus aureus aerosols nrog qhov nruab nrab ntawm qhov nruab nrab ntawm (3 ± 0.3) μ m yuav tsum tsis pub tsawg dua 95%;
Ua pa tsis kam: Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm kev pom kev ua haujlwm tau zoo, qhov kev ua pa tsis zoo tsis tshaj 49Pa thiab lub sijhawm ua haujlwm tsis dhau 29.4Pa.
Qhov thib ob kev ntsuas kom ntseeg tau cov kab mob pom kev ua haujlwm zoo yog qhov pom kev ua haujlwm ntawm Staphylococcus aureus cov kab mob aerosols yuav tsum tsis pub tsawg dua 95%, uas yog keeb kwm ntawm N95 lub tswv yim. Yog li ntawd, txawm hais tias N95 lub ntsej muag tsis yog lub ntsej muag kho mob, lawv ua tau raws li tus qauv ntawm 95% pom kev ua haujlwm zoo thiab tuaj yeem haum rau tib neeg lub ntsej muag, yog li lawv tuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm zoo hauv kev tiv thaiv kab mob.
Melt tshuab non-woven npuag
Cov khoom tseem ceeb uas coj cov kab mob lim dej rau ob hom qhov ncauj qhov ntswg yog qhov zoo heev thiab electrostatic puab txheej lim ntaub - meltblown non-woven fabric.
Cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntaub nplaum uas tsis yog-woven yog polypropylene, uas yog ib qho ultra-fine electrostatic fiber ntaub uas tuaj yeem ntes plua plav. Thaum cov tee dej uas muaj tus kab mob ntsws mus rau hauv cov ntaub nplaum uas tsis yog-woven, lawv yuav raug electrostatically adsorbed rau saum npoo ntawm cov ntaub tsis-woven thiab tsis tuaj yeem hla.
Qhov no yog lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom no cais cov kab mob. Tom qab raug ntes los ntawm ultrafine electrostatic fibers, plua plav yog qhov nyuaj heev rau kev tshem tawm vim kev ntxuav, thiab ntxuav nrog dej kuj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj peev xwm nqus tau electrostatic. Yog li ntawd, hom npog ntsej muag no tsuas siv tau ib zaug xwb. Cov qib tsim nyog rau cov tshuab ziab khaub ncaws ntawm lub ntsej muag tiaj tus muaj xws li: theem zoo tib yam, BFE95 (95% pom kev ua haujlwm), BFE99 (99% pom kev ua haujlwm), VFE95 (99% pom kev ua haujlwm), PFE95 (99% pom kev ua haujlwm), KN90 (90% pom kev ua haujlwm zoo).
Muaj pes tsawg leeg
Kev kho mob qhov ncauj qhov ntswg feem ntau yog ua los ntawm peb txheej ntawm cov ntaub tsis-woven. Cov khoom siv yog spunbond non-woven fabric + meltblown non-woven fabric +spunbond tsis woven ntaub. Cov fibers luv luv kuj tuaj yeem siv rau hauv ib txheej los txhim kho daim tawv nqaij zoo nkauj, xws li ES kub dov tsis-woven npuag + meltblown non-woven fabric + spunbond non-woven fabric. Cov txheej txheej ntawm lub npog ntsej muag yog tsim los tiv thaiv cov tee dej, txheej nruab nrab yog lim, thiab lub cim xeeb absorbs noo noo. Meltblown fabrics feem ntau xaiv kom hnyav 20 grams.
N95 khob hom npog ntsej muag yog tsim los ntawm rab koob punched paj rwb, meltblown ntaub, thiab tsis-woven npuag. Cov ntaub meltblown feem ntau hnyav 40 grams lossis ntau dua, thiab nrog cov tuab ntawm rab koob punched paj rwb, nws zoo li tuab dua li lub ntsej muag tiaj tus, thiab nws cov nyhuv tiv thaiv tuaj yeem ncav cuag tsawg kawg 95%.
Ob peb txheej ntawm lub qhov ncauj qhov ntswg tsis tau teev nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws tus qauv GB / T 32610 rau lub qhov ncauj qhov ntswg. Yog tias nws yog daim npog kho mob, nws yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg 3 txheej, uas yog qhov peb hu ua SMS (2 txheej ntawm S txheej thiab 1 txheej ntawm M txheej). Tam sim no, cov txheej txheem ntau tshaj plaws hauv Suav teb yog 5, uas yog SMMMS (2 txheej ntawm S txheej thiab 3 txheej ntawm M txheej). Nws tsis yooj yim los ua lub qhov ncauj qhov ntswg, tab sis nws nyuaj rau ua SMMMS daim ntaub. Tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv tsis-woven tuaj yeem yog tshaj 100 lab yuan.
S ntawm no sawv cev rau spunbond txheej, uas muaj ib co coarse fiber txoj kab uas hla ntawm ib ncig ntawm 20 micrometers (μ m). Ob txheej Sspunbond txheejfeem ntau txhawb nqa tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv tsis-woven thiab tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom thaiv.
Cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv lub npog ntsej muag yog txheej thaiv txheej lossis txheej txheej txheej txheej M. Cov kab fiber ntau ntawm cov txheej txheej meltblown yog nyias nyias, nyob ib ncig ntawm 2 micrometers (μ m), yog li nws tsuas yog ib feem kaum ntawm txoj kab uas hla ntawm txheej txheej spunbond. Qhov no ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab ntshav los ntawm kev nkag mus.
Yog tias muaj S spunbond txheej ntau dhau lawm, lub npog ntsej muag yuav nyuaj dua, yog tias muaj ntau M meltblown txheej, ua pa yuav nyuaj dua. Yog li ntawd, qhov nyuaj ntawm kev ua pa ntawm lub npog ntsej muag tuaj yeem siv los txiav txim rau nws qhov kev cais tawm. Qhov ua pa nyuaj dua, qhov zoo dua qhov kev cais tawm. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias M txheej dhau los ua cov yeeb yaj kiab nyias, nws yog qhov yooj yim tsis ua pa, thiab cov kab mob raug thaiv, tab sis tib neeg ua tsis taus pa. Yog li, qhov no kuj yog qhov teeb meem technical.
Txhawm rau ua kom pom qhov teeb meem zoo dua, peb yuav piv cov spunbond txheej S fiber ntau, meltblown txheej M fiber ntau, thiab cov plaub hau hauv daim duab hauv qab no. Rau cov plaub hau nrog ib txoj kab uas hla ntawm 1/3, nws yog ze rau spunbond txheej fiber ntau, thaum rau cov plaub hau nrog ib txoj kab uas hla ntawm 1/30, nws yog ze rau lub meltblown txheej M fiber. Tau kawg, cov kws tshawb fawb tseem tab tom tsim cov fibers zoo dua kom ntseeg tau tias muaj cov kab mob zoo dua thiab cov khoom thaiv.
Raws li tau hais ua ntej, qhov zoo ntawm M txheej, qhov ntau nws tuaj yeem thaiv qhov nkag ntawm cov khoom me me xws li cov kab mob. Piv txwv li, N95 hais txog lub peev xwm los thaiv 95% ntawm cov khoom me me (0.3 microns) nyob rau hauv ib txwm muaj. Raws li lub teb chaws tus qauv GB / T 19083 rau kev kho mob lub qhov ncauj qhov ntswg, qhov pom kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub npog ntsej muag rau cov khoom tsis muaj roj ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau muaj hauv cov lus hauv qab no ntawm cov roj ntws ntawm 85L / min
Table 1: Lim theem ntawm Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Kho Mob Qhov ncauj qhov ntswg
Los ntawm cov lus piav qhia saum toj no, N95 yog qhov tseeb 5-txheej daim npog ntsej muag ua los ntawm polypropylene tsis-woven npuag SMMMS uas tuaj yeem lim 95% ntawm cov khoom zoo.
Dongguan Liansheng Nonwoven Technology Co., Ltd.tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub Tsib Hlis 2020. Nws yog ib tug loj-scale non-woven npuag ntau lawm enterprise integrating kev tshawb fawb thiab kev loj hlob, ntau lawm, thiab muag khoom. Nws tuaj yeem tsim ntau yam xim ntawm PP spunbond non-woven fabrics nrog qhov dav ntawm tsawg dua 3.2 meters los ntawm 9 grams mus rau 300 grams.
Post lub sij hawm: Oct-18-2024