Kodi mukudziwa zifukwa zomwe nsalu zopanda nsalu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pachipatala?

Nonwovens akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito m'makampani azachipatala kuyambira Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse, pomwe zida zambiri zachipatala zidafunika. Ma Nonwovens amawonedwa ngati othandiza kwambiri poletsa mabakiteriya m'malipoti angapo ofalitsidwa. Zinapezekanso kuti amachepetsa kuipitsidwa ndi mpweya kuposa fulakesi. Zovala zopanda nsalu zapita patsogolo kwambiri, ndipo lerolino zimaposa anzawo oloŵa m’zinthu zingapo, kuphatikizapo mtengo, mphamvu, ndi zotayira. M'zipatala, kupatsirana matenda nthawi zonse ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu. Choyambitsa chachikulu cha izi ndikugwiritsa ntchito pafupipafupi masks oluka, mikanjo, ndi zinthu zina zofanana, zomwe zimatha kutenga kachilombo ndikufalitsa mabakiteriya. Kuyambitsidwa kwa zinthu zopanda nsalu kwathandiza pakupanga zinthu zotsika mtengo, zotayidwa.

Chifukwa chiyani mupite kukapanga chigoba cha opaleshoni popanda kuluka? Mzipatala, masks opangira opaleshoni osalukidwa ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yodzitetezera kwa odwala komanso azachipatala. Masks apamwamba kwambiri ndi ofunikira kwa oyang'anira malo ndi osamalira akatswiri omwe amagula zida zotetezera izi. Zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu maskswa ziyenera kuletsa mabakiteriya kusamuka kuchoka pakamwa pa dokotala kupita kukamwa kwa odwala komanso mosiyana chifukwa cha kukula kochepa kwa mabakiteriya. Kuphatikiza apo, chigobacho chimayenera kuteteza wogwiritsa ntchito ku mamolekyu akuluakulu pamalo opangira opaleshoni, monga kuwaza magazi. Komabe, ndi chiyani chomwe chimapangitsa mtundu wa chigoba chotayidwa kukhala chokondeka kuposa masks ansalu ogwiritsidwanso ntchito kwa akatswiri azaumoyo?

Makhalidwe asanu ndi awiri a nsalu zamtundu wa microporous anafaniziridwa ndi zofalitsa zachigoba zosawomba mu kafukufuku wofalitsidwa mu Journal of Academia and Industrial Research: kukana makina, linting, mabakiteriya permeability, madzi permeability, kusinthasintha, drapeability, ndi chitonthozo. Nsalu zosalukidwa zimagwira bwino kwambiri kuposa nsalu zina m'magulu anayi mwa asanu ndi awiriwo, ndipo zimakhala zopikisana paziwiri mwa zitatuzo. Ndi maubwino otani omwe kupanga chigoba chosalukidwa opangira opaleshoni kuli ndi ubwino wake?

1. Ndi zofunika pa moyo watsiku ndi tsiku.

Ku United States kokha, kuli zipatala zovomerezeka 5,686 zomwe zili ndi mabedi pafupifupi miliyoni imodzi. Ichi ndi chiwerengero chodabwitsa mukaganizira za nonwovens zotayidwa. Chigoba chotaya opaleshoni ndi gawo lofunikira la chisamaliro. Kwa zaka zambiri, masks apamwamba opangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zokhala ndi luso lapamwamba amatha kugulitsidwa ngati zinthu.

2. Iwo ndi apamwamba kwambiri kuposa nsalu zolukidwa m’njira zambiri.

Amakhala ndi kusefera koyenera kwa mabakiteriya, kuchuluka kwa mpweya, komanso kuchepetsa ndalama zopangira kuwonjezera pa zomwe tazitchula kale.

3. Ndi othandiza kwa ogwira ntchito m'chipatala.

Akagwiritsidwa ntchito, masks opangira opaleshoni osalukidwa otayika amapakidwa, kutsekedwa, ndikutayidwa nthawi yomweyo. Nsalu zogwiritsidwa ntchito sizifunika kusungidwa, komanso ogwira ntchito m'chipatala safunikira kuyeretsa, kuthirira, ndi kuzipaka kuti adzagwiritse ntchito mtsogolo. Ndi zigawo ziti zomwe zimapangidwira kupanga chigoba cha opaleshoni chosalukidwa? Pali mitundu iwiri ya ulusi womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito mu masks opangira opaleshoni osaluka: ulusi wopangidwa ndi chilengedwe. Ulusi wachilengedwe womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi rayon, thonje, ndi zamkati zamatabwa. Ubwino wa matabwa a nkhuni ndi monga mtengo wake wotsika, kuchuluka kochepa, komanso kuyamwa kwamadzi mwamphamvu. Mabala amatha kuvekedwa mwachindunji ndi thonje kapena rayon. Iwo ndi apamwamba nonwovens ndi bwino mayamwidwe madzi.

Kupumira kwabwino, kukhazikika kwapamwamba kwambiri, kutentha kwambiri, kutentha kwabwino kwambiri, kufananiza, kukana kutentha kwabwino, mphamvu yabwino yosungira madzi, komanso ulusi wopanda allergenic komanso wosakwiyitsa ndi zina mwazifukwa zomwe ulusi wachilengedwe umapanga masks abwino kwambiri otayira m'makampani azaumoyo. Ulusi wopangidwa nthawi zambiri umagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi poliyesitala pomwe mphamvu zambiri, kumasuka kwa njira yolera yotseketsa, komanso makina amakina ndizofunikira; ulusi wa bicomponent, womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri polumikizana ndi matenthedwe ndikuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito; ndi polypropylene, yomwe ili ndi rheological properties, hydrophobicity, ndi mtengo wotsika. Pamodzi ndi zina zambiri zofunika, ulusi wopangira amaganizira mphamvu yazinthu, kukana zosungunulira, kutayika kwapang'onopang'ono, ndi zina zambiri. Chigoba chopangira opaleshoni chosalukidwa chimafunikira ulusi wopangidwa ndi zinthu zotsatirazi: hydrophobicity, kukwanitsa kukwanitsa, mphamvu zambiri, kutsika kochepa, komanso kutayidwa kotetezeka. Ndi njira ziti zomwe zimaphatikizidwa popanga?

Iwo ali okhazikika mu miyeso ndipo ndi ofewa ndi porous. Kuphatikiza apo, spunbonding imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pazinthu monga zovala zotayidwa, mutu, zophimba nsapato, zophimba kumaso, ndi ma sheet. Makhalidwe osiyanasiyana a ukonde angapezeke pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana monga kuyala kowuma, kuyala konyowa, ndi makadi, kutengera zinthu monga makulidwe ofunikira a intaneti komanso liwiro laukadaulo waukadaulo. Makhadi angagwiritsidwe ntchito kupanga ma webu opepuka azinthu zaukhondo ndi zaukadaulo. Carding imapanga maukonde othamanga kwambiri, apamwamba kwambiri. Pali njira zambiri zokwaniritsira kulumikizana, imodzi mwazo ndikulumikizana kwamafuta opangira ulusi ndi kuphatikizika kwawo. Ukadaulo wolumikizana womwe ukukula mwachangu kwambiri ndi hydroenangling. Mu chigoba chotayika, chagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka. Imamveka ngati nsalu ndipo ndi yabwino kwa zinthu monga gauze, mavalidwe, zovala zakuchipatala, ndi zina.

Poyerekeza ndi ulusi wopangidwa, chigoba chomaliza chotayidwa chimakhala chokwera mtengo kwambiri ngakhale chili ndi mikhalidwe yabwino kwambiri. Pofuna kukonza chiyero chake, chifukwa chake, kuvomerezeka kwake m'zipatala ndi zaumoyo, thonje nthawi zambiri limapangidwa ndi mercerized ndi bleached. Fumbi lalitali la thonje limapangitsanso kuti ntchitoyo ikhale yovuta. Kuphatikiza apo, mikanjo ya opaleshoni, nsalu za thonje, makatani, zopyapyala, zovala zotayidwa, mabandeji, mabala, ndi zinthu zina zosalukidwa ndi zina mwazogwiritsa ntchito bwino kwambiri ulusi wachilengedwe. Pokonza thonje, njira zomangira monga hydroentanglement yopangira zinthu zoyamwa kwambiri, kulumikizana kwamafuta ophatikiza polyolefin ndi thonje, komanso kulumikiza utoni (kwa magawo ang'onoang'ono) zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito.Technology of synthetic fibers: Synthetic fibers nthawi zambiri amaphatikiza ndi rayon kapena thonje. Njira iliyonse yoyenera yolumikizira ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuwazungulira. Meltblown synthetic fibers ndi njira ina. Ma meltblown fiber webs amawakonda kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito ngati masks opangira opaleshoni osalukidwa chifukwa cha kukula kwake kochepa komanso kusefa kwakukulu. Njira iliyonse imatha kulumikizana bwino ndi ulusi wopangidwa, koma zimatengera momwe adzagwiritsire ntchito pomaliza.

Pambuyo pokonza: Zosawoka zachipatala ziyenera kuperekedwa kumapeto koyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Maski opangira opaleshoni osalukidwa amatha kukhala ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomaliza, monga zothamangitsa madzi, zofewa, zoletsa moto, zomaliza za antibacterial, ndi zotulutsa nthaka. Pomaliza, zinthu zopanda nsalu zadzaza msika wa nsalu zachipatala lero. Makhalidwe apadera a nsalu zosalukidwa komanso kusinthasintha kwake kwapangitsa kuti zikhale zofunika kwambiri pantchitoyi. Chifukwa chakuchulukirachulukira kwakukula kwa mizinda komanso kuwonekera kwa achinyamata, omwe ali ndi chidwi ndi thanzi, kufunikira kwa mankhwala osawotcha azachipatala kwakula kwambiri m'maiko omwe akutukuka kumene ku Asia, Africa, ndi South America. Zikuyembekezeka kuti ma nonwovens apitilizabe kufunikira kwambiri m'makampani azachipatala.