Polylactic acid ndi zinthu zomwe zimatha kuwonongeka komanso chimodzi mwazinthu zodalirika za fiber m'zaka za zana la 21.Polylactic acid (PLA)kulibe m'chilengedwe ndipo kumafuna kaphatikizidwe kochita kupanga. lactic acid imafufuzidwa kuchokera ku mbewu monga tirigu, sugar beet, chinangwa, chimanga, ndi feteleza wachilengedwe. Ulusi wa polylactic acid, womwe umadziwikanso kuti ulusi wa chimanga, umapezeka popota.
Kukula kwa polylactic acid ulusi
Lactic acid imapezeka mu yogurt. Pambuyo pake, asayansi adapeza kuti asidi omwe amapangidwa ndi kusuntha kwa minofu ya nyama ndi anthu ndi lactic acid. Kupangidwa kwa DuPont Corporation (woyambitsa nayiloni) kunali koyamba kugwiritsa ntchito ma polima a lactic acid pokonza zida za polylactic acid polima mu labotale.
Kafukufuku ndi chitukuko cha ulusi wa polylactic acid ali ndi mbiri yoposa theka la zaka. Cyanamid, kampani yaku America, idapanga ma sutures a polylactic acid mu 1960s. Mu 1989, bungwe la Japan la Zhong Fang ndi Shimadzu Manufacturing Institute linagwirizana kuti likhale ndi fiber spun polylactic acid (Lacton TM) ndi kusakanikirana kwake ndi ulusi wachilengedwe (Corn Fiber TM), zomwe zinawonetsedwa pa Masewera a Zima a Nagano a 1998; Unijica Corporation ya Japan inapanga polylactic acid filament ndi spunbond nonwoven nsalu (Terramac TM) mu 2000. Cargill Dow Polymers (CDP) ku United States (tsopano NatureWorks) anatulutsa mndandanda wa mankhwala (Ingeo TM) ophimba polylactic acid resins, fibers, ndi mafilimu mu 2003 kuti apange mndandanda wa Trevirange TM ku Germany TM nsalu zogwiritsidwa ntchito m'minda monga magalimoto, nsalu zapakhomo, ndi ukhondo.
Njira ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ulusi wa polylactic acid
Pakali pano, ambiri PLA sanali nsalu nsalu anapangidwa kuchokera mkulu kuwala kuwala chiyero L-polylactic asidi (PLLA) monga zopangira, ntchito crystallinity mkulu ndi orientation makhalidwe, ndipo anakonza kudzera njira zosiyanasiyana kupota (Sungunulani kupota, chonyowa kupota, kupota youma, youma kupota chonyowa, electrostatic kupota, etc.). Pakati pawo, kusungunula spun polylactic acid ulusi (ulusi wautali, ulusi waufupi) ukhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'minda ya zovala, nsalu zapakhomo, ndi zina zotero. Zida zopangira ndi ndondomeko ndizofanana ndi polyester, yokhala ndi spinnability yabwino komanso ntchito zolimbitsa thupi. Pambuyo pa kusinthidwa koyenera, ulusi wa polylactic acid ukhoza kupindula kwambiri pozimitsa moto (kudzizimitsa nokha) ndi katundu wachilengedwe wa antibacterial. Komabe, ulusi wa Melt spun PLA udakali ndi mwayi wowongolera mphamvu zamakina, kukhazikika kwa kutentha kwakukulu, kulimba mtima komanso kukana kukalamba.
Kupota konyowa, kupota kouma, kupota konyowa kouma, ndi ma electrospinning a polylactic acid fibers (membranes) amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka m'munda wa zamankhwala. Zopangira zoyimira zimaphatikizira ma sutures amphamvu kwambiri, zonyamulira mankhwala, ma anti adhesion nembanemba, khungu lochita kupanga, scaffolds engineering, etc.
Pakuchulukirachulukira kwa nsalu zosalukidwa zotayidwa muzachipatala, zaukhondo, zosefera, zokongoletsa ndi zina, nsalu za polylactic acid zosalukidwa zakhalanso imodzi mwamalo opangira kafukufuku ndi chitukuko.
M'zaka za m'ma 1990, yunivesite ya Tennessee ku United States inayamba kuphunzira polylactic acid spunbond ndi kusungunula nsalu zopanda nsalu. Kampani yaku Japan ya Zhongfang idapanganso nsalu za polylactic acid za spunbond zopangira ulimi, pomwe kampani yaku France ya Fibreweb ya ku France idapanga polylactic acid spunbond, kusungunula nsalu zosawokoka zowombedwa, komanso zophatikiza zingapo zosanjikiza (Deposita TM). Mwa iwo, spunbond nonwoven nsalu wosanjikiza makamaka amapereka chithandizo makina, pamene kusungunula kuwombedwa nonwoven nsalu wosanjikiza ndi spunbond nonwoven nsalu wosanjikiza pamodzi amapereka chotchinga, adsorption, kusefera, ndi kusungunula zotsatira.
Domestic Tongji University, Shanghai Tongjieliang Biomaterials Co., Ltd., Hengtian Changjiang Biomaterials Co., Ltd. ndi mayunitsi ena akwanitsa kupanga nsalu zopanda nsalu monga spun viscose, spunlaced, otentha adagulung'undisa, mpweya wotentha, etc. zopukutira zaukhondo ndi matewera, komanso chigoba kumaso, matumba a tiyi, zinthu zosefera mpweya ndi madzi ndi zinthu zina.
Ulusi wa polylactic acid walimbikitsidwa kwambiri ndikuyikidwa mkati mwa magalimoto, mitolo ya ndudu, ndi madera ena chifukwa cha gwero lake lachilengedwe, kuwonongeka kwachilengedwe, komanso kusamala zachilengedwe.
Makhalidwe a polylactic acid ulusi
Chimodzi mwazabwino zodziwika bwino za ulusi wa polylactic acid ndikuti amatha kuwononga kapena kuyamwa m'thupi. Pansi pamikhalidwe yokhazikika ya kompositi, kuwonongeka kwa biodegradability kuyenera kuyesedwa, ndipo zowononga ndi madzi ndi mpweya woipa. Ulusi wamba wa polylactic acid umatsika pang'onopang'ono kapena movutirapo kuti uwoneke ngati ukugwiritsidwa ntchito bwino kapena m'malo ambiri achilengedwe. Mwachitsanzo, ngati atakwiriridwa m'nthaka yachilengedwe kwa chaka chimodzi, sizimanyozeka, koma pansi pa kutentha kwabwino kwa kompositi, zimawonongeka kwa sabata.
Kuwonongeka ndi kuyamwa kwa polylactic acid fibers mu vivo kumakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi crystallinity yawo. Kuyesa koyerekeza mu vitro kuwononga kwawonetsa kuti ulusi wapamwamba wa crystallinity polylactic acid umakhalabe ndi mawonekedwe awo komanso mphamvu pafupifupi 80% pambuyo pa zaka 5.3, ndipo zitha kutenga zaka 40-50 kuti ziwonongeke.
Kupanga ndi kukulitsa kwa polylactic acid ulusi
Monga mitundu yamitundu yamafuta yomwe idapangidwa ndikupangidwa kwazaka zopitilira theka, kugwiritsa ntchito kwenikweni kwa polylactic acid ulusi akadali wosakwana chikwi chimodzi cha ulusi wa polyester. Ngakhale mtengo wake umakhala woyamba, ntchito zake sizinganyalanyazidwe. Kusintha ndi njira yopangira ulusi wa polylactic acid.
Dziko la China ndilopanga kwambiri komanso limagula ulusi wamankhwala, ndipo m'zaka zaposachedwa, kafukufuku wokhudza ulusi wosinthidwa wa polylactic acid wapatsidwa patsogolo. Ulusi wa polylactic acid ukhoza kusakanikirana ndi chikhalidwe chachilengedwe "thonje, nsalu, ndi ubweya" kuti apange makina opangidwa ndi nsalu zoluka ndi ntchito zowonjezera, komanso ndi ulusi wina wamankhwala monga spandex ndi PTT kuti apange nsalu, zowonetsera khungu, zopuma, ndi zowonongeka zowonongeka. Iwo adakwezedwa pantchito ya nsalu zamkati.
Malingaliro a kampani Dongguan Liansheng Nonwoven Fabric Co., Ltd., Wopanga nsalu zopanda nsalu ndi nsalu zopanda nsalu, ndizoyenera kuti mukhulupirire!
Nthawi yotumiza: Jun-11-2024