Zikomo pochezera Nature.com. Mtundu wa msakatuli womwe mukugwiritsa ntchito uli ndi chithandizo chochepa cha CSS. Kuti mupeze zotsatira zabwino, tikupangira kugwiritsa ntchito mtundu watsopano wa msakatuli wanu (kapena kuzimitsa mawonekedwe ofananirako mu Internet Explorer). Pakadali pano, kuti tiwonetsetse kuti tikuthandizidwa mosalekeza, tikuwonetsa tsambalo popanda masitayelo kapena JavaScript.
Masiku ano, nsalu zogwira ntchito zokhala ndi antibacterial properties ndizodziwika kwambiri. Komabe, kupanga nsalu zogwira ntchito zotsika mtengo zokhala ndi ntchito zokhazikika komanso zokhazikika zimakhalabe zovuta. Polyvinyl mowa (PVA) ntchito kusintha polypropylene (PP) nonwoven nsalu, ndiyeno siliva nanoparticles (AgNPs) anali waikamo mu situ kupanga PVA-zosinthidwa AgNPs-zodzaza PP (wotchedwa AgNPs). /PVA/PP) nsalu. Kuphatikizika kwa ulusi wa PP pogwiritsa ntchito zokutira za PVA kumathandizira kwambiri kumamatira kwa Ag NPs ku PP fibers, ndi Ag/PVA/PP nonwovens amawonetsa bwino makina amakina komanso kukana Escherichia coli (wotchedwa E. coli). Nthawi zambiri, Ag/PVA/PP nonwoven nsalu yopangidwa pa 30mM silver ammonia concentration ili ndi mawotchi abwinoko, ndipo chitetezo cha antibacterial ku E. coli chimafika 99.99%. Nsaluyo imakhalabe ndi ntchito yabwino kwambiri ya antibacterial pambuyo pa kutsuka kwa 40 ndipo imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza. Kuphatikiza apo, nsalu za Ag/PVA/PP zosalukidwa zili ndi chiyembekezo chogwiritsa ntchito kwambiri m'makampani chifukwa cha mpweya wake wabwino komanso chinyezi. Kuonjezera apo, tapanganso ukadaulo wa roll-to-roll ndikufufuza koyambirira kuti tiyese kutheka kwa njirayi.
Ndikukula kwakukula kwachuma padziko lonse lapansi, mayendedwe ambiri achulukitsa mwayi wofalitsa kachilomboka, zomwe zikufotokozera bwino chifukwa chake buku la coronavirus lili ndi kuthekera kotereku kufalikira padziko lonse lapansi ndipo ndizovuta kupewa1,2,3. M'lingaliro limeneli, pakufunika mwamsanga kupanga zipangizo zatsopano za antibacterial, monga polypropylene (PP) nonwovens, monga zipangizo zodzitetezera kuchipatala. Nsalu ya polypropylene yopanda nsalu imakhala ndi ubwino wochepa kwambiri, kusungunuka kwa mankhwala ndi mtengo wotsika4, koma ilibe mphamvu ya antibacterial, moyo waufupi wautumiki komanso chitetezo chochepa. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kugawira antibacterial katundu ku PP nonwoven zida.
Monga antibacterial wothandizira wakale, siliva wadutsa magawo asanu a chitukuko: njira ya siliva ya colloidal, silver sulfadiazine, mchere wa siliva, siliva wa protein ndi nanosilver. Silver nanoparticles amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'minda monga mankhwala5,6, conductivity7,8,9, Raman scattering10,11,12, chothandizira kuwonongeka kwa utoto13,14,15,16 etc. ku kukana kwawo kwa mabakiteriya, kukhazikika, mtengo wotsika komanso kuvomerezeka kwa chilengedwe17,18,19. Komanso, nanoparticles siliva ndi lalikulu enieni pamwamba m'dera ndi mkulu antibacterial ntchito akhoza Ufumuyo nsalu ubweya20, thonje nsalu21,22, nsalu poliyesitala ndi nsalu zina kukwaniritsa ankalamulira, kupitiriza kumasulidwa kwa antibacterial siliva particles23,24. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ndi encapsulating AgNPs, ndizotheka kupanga PP nsalu ndi antibacterial ntchito. Komabe, PP nonwovens alibe magulu ogwira ntchito ndipo ali ndi polarity yotsika, zomwe sizikugwirizana ndi kuphatikizidwa kwa AgNPs. Pofuna kuthana ndi vutoli, ofufuza ena ayesa kuyika ma Ag nanoparticles pamwamba pa nsalu za PP pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana zosinthira kuphatikiza kupopera mankhwala a plasma26,27, kupaka ma radiation28,29,30,31 ndi zokutira32. Mwachitsanzo, Goli et al. [33] anayambitsa mapuloteni ❖ kuyanika pamwamba PP nonwoven nsalu, ndi amino zidulo pa periphery wa puloteni wosanjikiza akhoza kukhala mfundo nangula kwa kumanga AgNPs, potero kukwaniritsa zabwino antibacterial katundu. ntchito. Li ndi ogwira nawo ntchito 34 adapeza kuti N-isopropylacrylamide ndi N-(3-aminopropyl) methacrylamide hydrochloride yolumikizidwa ndi ultraviolet (UV) etching imawonetsa ntchito yolimbana ndi ma antimicrobial, ngakhale kuti UV etching process ndi yovuta ndipo imatha kusokoneza mawotchi. ulusi. . Oliani et al anakonza mafilimu a gel a Ag NPs-PP okhala ndi ntchito zabwino kwambiri zothana ndi mabakiteriya poyambitsa PP yoyera ndi kuwala kwa gamma; komabe, njira yawo inalinso yovuta. Chifukwa chake, zimakhalabe zovuta kupanga bwino komanso kosavuta kupanga ma polypropylene nonwovens omwe amafunidwa ndi antimicrobial.
Pakafukufukuyu, mowa wa polyvinyl, zinthu zowononga zachilengedwe komanso zotsika mtengo zomwe zimakhala ndi luso lopanga filimu, high hydrophilicity, komanso kukhazikika kwa thupi ndi mankhwala, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kusintha nsalu za polypropylene. Glucose amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chochepetsera36. Kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu ya pamwamba pa PP yosinthidwa kumalimbikitsa kusankha kwa AgNPs. Poyerekeza ndi nsalu yoyera ya PP, nsalu yokonzekera ya Ag / PVA / PP inasonyeza kubwezeretsedwa bwino, ntchito yabwino kwambiri ya antibacterial motsutsana ndi E. coli, makina abwino opangira makina ngakhale pambuyo pa kuchapa kwa 40, komanso kupuma kwakukulu, kugonana ndi chinyezi.
Nsalu ya PP yopanda nsalu yokhala ndi mphamvu yokoka ya 25 g/m2 ndi makulidwe a 0.18 mm idaperekedwa ndi Jiyuan Kang'an Sanitary Materials Co., Ltd. (Jiyuan, China) ndikudula mapepala olemera 5 × 5 cm2. Silver nitrate (99.8%; AR) idagulidwa kuchokera ku Xilong Scientific Co., Ltd. (Shantou, China). Glucose adagulidwa ku Fuzhou Neptune Fuyao Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (Fuzhou, China). Mowa wa polyvinyl (wothandizira kalasi ya mafakitale) unagulidwa ku Tianjin Sitong Chemical Factory (Tianjin, China). Madzi a deionized ankagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zosungunulira kapena kutsuka ndipo anakonzedwa mu labotale yathu. Zakudya za agar ndi msuzi zidagulidwa ku Beijing Aoboxing Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). E. coli strain (ATCC 25922) idagulidwa ku Zhangzhou Bochuang Company (Zhangzhou, China).
The chifukwa PP minofu anasambitsidwa ndi ultrasound mu Mowa kwa mphindi 15. Zotsatira za PVA zinawonjezeredwa m'madzi ndikutenthedwa pa 95 ° C kwa maola 2 kuti mupeze yankho lamadzi. Kenako shuga adasungunuka mu 10 ml ya yankho la PVA ndi gawo lalikulu la 0.1%, 0.5%, 1.0% ndi 1.5%. Nsalu yoyeretsedwa ya polypropylene nonwoven inamizidwa mu njira ya PVA/glucose ndikutenthedwa pa 60°C kwa ola limodzi. Kutenthetsa kumalizidwa, PP-inpregnated nonwoven nsalu imachotsedwa mu njira ya PVA / glucose ndikuwumitsa pa 60 ° C kwa 0.5 h kuti ipange filimu ya PVA pamwamba pa intaneti, potero amapeza gulu la PVA / PP. nsalu.
Silver nitrate imasungunuka mu 10 ml ya madzi ndikugwedeza nthawi zonse kutentha kwa firiji ndipo ammonia amawonjezedwa pang'onopang'ono mpaka yankho lisinthe kuchokera kumveka kukhala bulauni ndikumvekanso kuti mupeze yankho la silver ammonia (5-90 mm). Ikani nsalu ya PVA / PP yopanda nsalu mu njira ya silver ammonia ndikutenthetsa pa 60 ° C kwa ola limodzi kuti mupange Ag nanoparticles in situ pamwamba pa nsaluyo, kenaka muzimutsuka ndi madzi katatu ndikuwumitsa pa 60 ° C. C kwa 0.5 h kupeza Ag/PVA/PP gulu nsalu.
Titayesa koyambirira, tinapanga zida zopukutira mu labotale kuti apange nsalu zazikuluzikulu zophatikizika. Ma rollers amapangidwa ndi PTFE kuti apewe zovuta komanso kuipitsidwa. Panthawiyi, nthawi ya impregnation ndi kuchuluka kwa njira ya adsorbed ikhoza kuwongoleredwa mwa kusintha liwiro la odzigudubuza ndi mtunda pakati pa odzigudubuza kuti apeze nsalu yopangidwa ndi Ag / PVA / PP yomwe mukufuna.
Tissue surface morphology idaphunziridwa pogwiritsa ntchito VEGA3 scanning electron microscope (SEM; Japan Electronics, Japan) pamagetsi othamanga a 5 kV. Mapangidwe a kristalo a nanoparticles a siliva adawunikidwa ndi X-ray diffraction (XRD; Bruker, D8 Advanced, Germany; Cu Kα radiation, λ = 0.15418 nm; voteji: 40 kV, panopa: 40 mA) mumtundu wa 10-80 °. 2 θ. Fonier transformer infrared spectrometer (ATR-FTIR; Nicolet 170sx, Thermo Fisher Scientific Incorporation) idagwiritsidwa ntchito kusanthula mawonekedwe amankhwala a nsalu ya polypropylene yosinthidwa pamwamba. Zosintha za PVA za nsalu za Ag/PVA/PP zidayezedwa ndi kusanthula kwa thermogravimetric (TGA; Mettler Toledo, Switzerland) pansi pa mtsinje wa nayitrogeni. Mawonekedwe a plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS, ELAN DRC II, Perkin-Elmer (Hong Kong) Co., Ltd.) anagwiritsidwa ntchito kudziŵa siliva wa nsalu za Ag/PVA/PP.
Kuthekera kwa mpweya ndi kuchuluka kwa mpweya wamadzi wa Ag/PVA/PP nsalu zophatikizika (zofotokozera: 78×50cm2) zinayesedwa ndi bungwe loyesa lachitatu (Tianfangbiao Standardization Certification and Testing Co., Ltd.) molingana ndi GB/T. 5453-1997 ndi GB/T 12704.2-2009. Pachitsanzo chilichonse, mfundo khumi zimasankhidwa kuti ziyesedwe, ndipo deta yoperekedwa ndi bungwe ndi pafupifupi mfundo khumi.
Ntchito ya antibacterial ya Ag/PVA/PP yopangidwa ndi nsalu inayesedwa motsatira miyezo yaku China GB/T 20944.1-2007 ndi GB/T 20944.3- pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya agar plate diffusion (qualitative analysis) ndi kugwedeza botolo (kuwunika kwachulukidwe). . motsatana mu 2008. Ntchito ya antibacterial ya Ag/PVA/PP yophatikizika nsalu yolimbana ndi Escherichia coli idatsimikizika pa nthawi zotsuka zosiyanasiyana. Kwa njira ya agar plate diffusion, kuyesa kwa Ag/PVA/PP nsalu yophatikizika imakhomeredwa mu diski (m'mimba mwake: 8 mm) pogwiritsa ntchito nkhonya ndikumangirira mbale ya agar Petri yothiridwa ndi Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922). ; 3.4 × 108 CFU ml-1) ndiyeno incubated pa 37°C ndi 56% chinyezi wachibale kwa pafupifupi 24 hours. Chigawo choletsa chinawunikidwa molunjika kuchokera pakati pa diski mpaka mkati mwa madera ozungulira. Pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya shake flask, mbale ya 2 × 2 cm2 yathyathyathya inakonzedwa kuchokera ku nsalu yopangidwa ndi Ag / PVA / PP yoyesedwa ndi autoclaved mu malo a msuzi pa 121 ° C ndi 0.1 MPa kwa mphindi 30. Pambuyo pa autoclaving, chitsanzocho chinamizidwa mu botolo la 5-mL Erlenmeyer lomwe lili ndi 70 mL ya njira yothetsera chikhalidwe cha msuzi (kuyimitsidwa ndende 1 × 105-4 × 105 CFU / mL) ndikuyika pa kutentha kwa oscillating kwa 150 ° C. rpm ndi 25 ° C kwa maola 18. Pambuyo kugwedeza, sonkhanitsani kuchuluka kwa kuyimitsidwa kwa bakiteriya ndikuchepetsa kakhumi. Sungani kuchuluka kofunikira kwa kuyimitsidwa kwa bakiteriya, kufalitsa pa agar medium ndi chikhalidwe pa 37 ° C ndi 56% chinyezi kwa maola 24. Njira yowerengera mphamvu ya antibacterial ndi: \(\frac{\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{A}}{\mathrm{C}}\cdot 100\%\), pomwe C ndi A ndi chiwerengero cha zigawo pambuyo pa maola 24, motsatana. Amalimidwa mu gulu lolamulira ndi minofu ya Ag/PVA/PP.
Kukhalitsa kwa nsalu zophatikizika za Ag/PVA/PP kudawunikidwa pochapa malinga ndi ISO 105-C10:2006.1A. Pakutsuka, kumiza mayeso Ag/PVA/PP gulu nsalu (30x40mm2) mu njira amadzimadzi munali malonda detergent (5.0g/L) ndi kusamba pa 40±2 rpm ndi 40±5 rpm / min. liwilo lalikulu. °C 10, 20, 30, 40 ndi 50 kuzungulira. Pambuyo kutsuka, nsaluyo imatsukidwa katatu ndi madzi ndikuwumitsa pa kutentha kwa 50-60 ° C kwa mphindi 30. Kusintha kwa siliva mutatha kutsuka kunayesedwa kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa ntchito za antibacterial.
Chithunzi 1 chikuwonetsa chojambula chojambula chopangidwa ndi nsalu za Ag/PVA/PP. Ndiye kuti, PP nonwoven material imamizidwa mu njira yosakanikirana ya PVA ndi glucose. Zinthu zosalukidwa za PP zothiridwa ndi PP zimawumitsidwa kuti zikonze chosinthira ndikuchepetsa kuti apange wosanjikiza wosindikiza. Nsalu zouma za polypropylene nonwoven zimamizidwa mu njira yasiliva ya ammonia kuti asungire ma nanoparticles asiliva mu situ. Kuchuluka kwa zosintha, kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi ammonia siliva, kuchuluka kwa ammonia siliva ndi kutentha komwe kumakhudza kugwa kwa Ag NPs. ndi zinthu zofunika. Chithunzi 2a chikuwonetsa kudalira kolumikizana ndi madzi pansalu ya Ag/PVA/PP pakusintha kosintha. Pamene kusintha kosintha kumawonjezeka kuchokera ku 0,5 wt.% mpaka 1.0 wt.%, mbali yolumikizana ndi nsalu ya Ag / PVA / PP imachepa kwambiri; pamene ndende yosinthira ikukwera kuchoka pa 1.0 wt.% kufika pa 2.0 wt.%, sichimasintha. Chithunzi 2 b chikuwonetsa zithunzi za SEM za ulusi woyera wa PP ndi nsalu za Ag / PVA / PP zokonzedwa pa 50 mm siliva ammonia ndende ndi ma molar ratios a shuga ndi ammonia siliva (1: 1, 3: 1, 5: 1, ndi 9: 1). . chithunzi. ). Chotsatira cha PP CHIKWANGWANI chimakhala chosalala. Pambuyo encapsulation ndi PVA filimu, ulusi ena glued pamodzi; Chifukwa mafunsidwe a siliva nanoparticles, ndi ulusi kukhala ndi akhakula. Pamene chiŵerengero cha molar cha chochepetsera ku glucose chikuwonjezeka, gawo la Ag NPs limakula pang'onopang'ono, ndipo pamene chiŵerengero cha molar chikuwonjezeka kufika pa 5: 1 ndi 9: 1, Ag NPs amakonda kupanga magulu. Zithunzi zazikulu komanso zazing'ono za PP fiber zimakhala zofananira, makamaka pamene chiŵerengero cha molar chochepetsera shuga ndi 5: 1. Zithunzi za digito za zitsanzo zofananira zopezedwa pa 50 mM silver ammonia zikuwonetsedwa Chithunzi S1.
Kusintha kwa kukhudzana ndi madzi a Ag / PVA / PP nsalu pamagulu osiyanasiyana a PVA (a), zithunzi za SEM za Ag / PVA / PP nsalu zopezeka pa siliva ammonia ndende ya 50 mM ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya molar ya shuga ndi ammonia siliva [(b))); (1) PP CHIKWANGWANI, (2) PVA/PP CHIKWANGWANI, (3) molar chiŵerengero 1: 1, (4) molar chiŵerengero 3: 1, (5) molar chiŵerengero 5:1, (6) molar chiŵerengero 9: 1], X-ray diffraction chitsanzo (c) ndi SEM chithunzi (d) cha Ag/PVA/PP nsalu zopezedwa pa siliva 1M (0 m) ammonia (0 m) ndende ya ammonia 2 m, 5 m, (3) 30 mM, (4) 50 mM , (5) 90 mM ndi (6) Ag/PP-30 mM. Kutentha kwake ndi 60 ° C.
Mu Chithunzi 2c chikuwonetsa mawonekedwe a X-ray diffraction a chifukwa cha Ag/PVA/PP nsalu. Kuphatikiza pa nsonga ya diffraction ya PP fiber 37, nsonga zinayi za diffraction pa 2θ = ~ 37.8 °, 44.2 °, 64.1 ° ndi 77.3 ° zimagwirizana ndi (1 1 1), (2 0 0), (2 2 0), ndege ya Crystal (3 cubic silver face-cent. Pamene kuchuluka kwa ammonia siliva kumawonjezeka kuchoka pa 5 mpaka 90 mM, mawonekedwe a XRD a Ag amakhala akuthwa kwambiri, mogwirizana ndi kuwonjezeka kotsatira kwa crystallinity. Malinga ndi chilinganizo cha Scherrer, makulidwe ambewu a Ag nanoparticles okonzedwa ndi 10 mM, 30 mM ndi 50 mM ammonia siliva adawerengedwa kuti ndi 21.3 nm, 23.3 nm ndi 26.5 nm, motsatana. Izi ndichifukwa choti chitsulo cha ammonia cha silver ndiye chimayambitsa kuchepetsedwa kupanga siliva wachitsulo. Ndi kuchuluka kwa siliva ammonia, kuchuluka kwa nucleation ndi kukula kwa Ag NPs kumawonjezeka. Chithunzi 2d chikuwonetsa zithunzi za SEM za nsalu za Ag/PVA/PP zopezedwa pamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Ag ammonia. Pamtundu wa ammonia wa siliva wa 30 mm, wosanjikiza wa Ag NPs ndi wofanana. Komabe, pamene ndende ya ammonia ya silver ikwera kwambiri, kufanana kwa Ag NP deposition layer kumacheperachepera, zomwe zingakhale chifukwa cha agglomeration amphamvu mu Ag NP deposition layer. Kuphatikiza apo, ma nanoparticles asiliva padziko lapansi ali ndi mawonekedwe awiri: ozungulira komanso owoneka bwino. The ozungulira tinthu kukula pafupifupi 20-80 nm, ndi lamellar lateral kukula pafupifupi 100-300 nm (Chithunzi S2). The mafunsidwe wosanjikiza wa Ag nanoparticles padziko unmodified PP nsalu ndi wosagwirizana. Komanso, kuwonjezeka kutentha amalimbikitsa kuchepetsa Ag NPs (mkuyu. S3), koma kwambiri anachita kutentha si kulimbikitsa kusankha mpweya wa Ag NPs.
Chithunzi 3a schematically chikuwonetsa mgwirizano pakati pa siliva wa ammonia, kuchuluka kwa siliva woyikidwa, ndi antibacterial ntchito ya nsalu yokonzedwa ya Ag/PVA/PP. Chithunzi 3b chikuwonetsa machitidwe a antibacterial a zitsanzo pamagulu osiyanasiyana a ammonia asiliva, omwe amatha kuwonetsa mwachindunji mawonekedwe a antibacterial a zitsanzo. Pamene kuchuluka kwa ammonia siliva kunakwera kuchoka pa 5 mm kufika pa 90 mm, kuchuluka kwa mvula yasiliva kunakwera kuchoka pa 13.67 g/kg kufika pa 481.81 g/kg. Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kwa siliva kumachulukirachulukira, ntchito ya antibacterial motsutsana ndi E. coli imayamba kuwonjezeka kenako imakhalabe yapamwamba. Makamaka, pamene kuchuluka kwa ammonia siliva ndi 30 mm, kuchuluka kwa siliva pansalu ya Ag/PVA/PP ndi 67.62 g/kg, ndipo antibacterial rate ndi 99.99%. ndikusankha chitsanzo ichi ngati choyimira kuti chikhale chotsatira.
(a) Ubale pakati pa mlingo wa antibacterial ntchito ndi kuchuluka kwa Ag wosanjikiza wogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kuchuluka kwa ammonia siliva; + Antibacterial ntchito ya Ag/PVA/PP nsalu yolimbana ndi Escherichia coli
Chithunzi 4a chikuwonetsa mawonekedwe a FTIR/ATR a PP, PVA/PP, Ag/PP ndi Ag/PVA/PP. Magulu a mayamwidwe a fiber PP yoyera pa 2950 cm-1 ndi 2916 cm-1 ndi chifukwa cha kugwedezeka kwa asymmetric kutambasula kwa magulu a -CH3 ndi -CH2-, ndipo pa 2867 cm-1 ndi 2837 cm-1 ndi chifukwa cha kugwedezeka kwa symmetric kutambasula kwa -CH3 ndi -CH2. -CH3 ndi -CH2–. Magulu amayamwidwe pa 1375 cm-1 ndi 1456 cm-1 amalumikizidwa ndi kugwedezeka kwa asymmetric ndi symmetric shift vibrations of -CH338.39. Mtundu wa FTIR wa Ag/PP fiber ndi wofanana ndi wa PP fiber. Kuphatikiza pa gulu la mayamwidwe la PP, nsonga yatsopano yoyamwa pa 3360 cm-1 ya nsalu za PVA / PP ndi Ag / PVA / PP zimachokera ku kutambasula kwa hydrogen bond ya gulu la -OH. Izi zikuwonetsa kuti PVA imayikidwa bwino pamwamba pa polypropylene fiber. Kuphatikiza apo, nsonga ya mayamwidwe a hydroxyl ya nsalu ya Ag/PVA/PP ndi yofooka pang'ono kuposa ya nsalu ya PVA/PP, yomwe ingakhale chifukwa chogwirizana ndi magulu ena a hydroxyl ndi siliva.
FT-IR sipekitiramu (a), TGA curve (b) ndi XPS muyeso sipekitiramu (c) ya PP yoyera, nsalu ya PVA/PP ndi Ag/PVA/PP nsalu, ndi C 1s sipekitiramu wa PP (d), PVA/PP PP nsalu (e) ndi Ag 3d pachimake (f) cha Ag/PVA/PP nsalu.
Chithunzi 4c chikuwonetsa mawonekedwe a XPS a nsalu za PP, PVA/PP, ndi Ag/PVA/PP. Chizindikiro chofooka cha O 1s cha fiber polypropylene fiber chikhoza kukhala chifukwa cha chinthu cha okosijeni chomwe chimakongoletsedwa pamwamba; nsonga ya C 1s pa 284.6 eV imatchedwa CH ndi CC (onani Chithunzi 4d). Poyerekeza ndi PP fiber yoyera, nsalu ya PVA / PP (Mkuyu 4e) imasonyeza ntchito yapamwamba pa 284.6 eV (C-C / C-H), 285.6 eV (C-O-H), 284.6 eV (C-C / C-H), 285.6 eV (C-O-H) ndi 288-C eO (C-O-H) = 288-5. Kuonjezera apo, mawonekedwe a O 1s a nsalu ya PVA / PP akhoza kufananizidwa ndi nsonga ziwiri pa 532.3 eV ndi 533.2 eV41 (mkuyu. The Ag/PVA/PP nonwoven nsalu amakhalabe O 1s sipekitiramu C-OH (532.3 eV) ndi HC=O (533.2 eV) (Figure S5), wopangidwa 65.81% (peresenti atomic) C, 22. 89. % O ndi 11.31% Sg.4. Makamaka, nsonga za Ag 3d5 / 2 ndi Ag 3d3 / 2 pa 368.2 eV ndi 374.2 eV (mkuyu 4f) zimatsimikiziranso kuti Ag NPs ndi doped pamwamba pa PVA / PP42 nonwoven nsalu.
Mapiritsi a TGA (mkuyu 4b) wa PP yoyera, Ag / PP nsalu, ndi Ag / PVA / PP nsalu amasonyeza kuti amakumana ndi njira zofanana zowola ndi kutentha, ndipo kuyika kwa Ag NPs kumabweretsa kuwonjezeka pang'ono kwa kutentha kwa kutentha kwa PP. ulusi PVA/PP ulusi (kuchokera 480 °C (PP ulusi) mpaka 495 °C), mwina chifukwa cha mapangidwe Ag chotchinga43. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, zotsalira zotsalira za zitsanzo zoyera za PP, Ag / PP, Ag / PVA / PP, Ag / PVA / PP-W50 ndi Ag / PP-W50 mutatha kutentha pa 800 ° C zinali 1.32%, 16.26% ndi 13. 86%. % motsatira 9.88% ndi 2.12% (chimakedwe W50 apa chikutanthauza 50 kusamba mkombero). Zotsalira za PP zoyera zimatchedwa zonyansa, ndipo zotsalira za zitsanzo zotsalira za Ag NPs, ndipo kusiyana kwa zitsanzo zotsalira zodzaza ndi siliva ziyenera kukhala chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nanoparticles ya siliva yodzaza pa iwo. Kuonjezera apo, mutatsuka nsalu za Ag / PP nthawi za 50, siliva yotsalirayo inachepetsedwa ndi 94.65%, ndipo siliva yotsalira ya Ag / PVA / PP nsalu inachepetsedwa pafupifupi 31.74%. Izi zikuwonetsa kuti zokutira zotsekera za PVA zitha kupititsa patsogolo kumamatira kwa ma AgNP ku matrix a PP.
Kuti muyese chitonthozo chovala, kuchuluka kwa mpweya ndi kuchuluka kwa mpweya wa madzi a nsalu yokonzedwa ya polypropylene anayesedwa. Nthawi zambiri, kupuma kumayenderana ndi kutonthoza kwa wogwiritsa ntchito, makamaka m'malo otentha ndi achinyezi44. Monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 5a, mpweya wokwanira wa PP woyera ndi 2050 mm / s, ndipo pambuyo pa kusinthidwa kwa PVA umachepa mpaka 856 mm / s. Izi ndichifukwa choti filimu ya PVA yopangidwa pamwamba pa PP fiber ndipo gawo loluka limathandizira kuchepetsa mipata pakati pa ulusi. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito ma Ag NPs, kutulutsa kwa mpweya kwa nsalu ya PP kumawonjezeka chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito zokutira za PVA mukamagwiritsa ntchito ma Ag NPs. Kuphatikiza apo, kupuma kwa nsalu za Ag/PVA/PP kumakonda kutsika pomwe kuchuluka kwa ammonia siliva kumakwera kuchoka pa 10 mpaka 50 mmol. Izi zitha kukhala chifukwa chakuti makulidwe a gawo la siliva kumawonjezeka ndi kuchuluka kwa siliva ammonia, zomwe zimathandizira kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa pores komanso mwayi wa nthunzi wamadzi womwe umadutsamo.
(a) Kuthekera kwa mpweya kwa nsalu za Ag/PVA/PP zokonzedwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ammonia yasiliva; (b) Kutumiza kwa nthunzi wamadzi kwa nsalu za Ag/PVA/PP zokonzedwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ammonia yasiliva; (c) Zosintha zosiyanasiyana Tensile curve ya Ag Fabric/PVA/PP yomwe imapezeka mosiyanasiyana; (d) Mphepete mwachitsulo cha Ag / PVA / PP nsalu yopezedwa pamagulu osiyanasiyana a ammonia asiliva (Ag / PVA / PP nsalu yopezedwa pa 30 mM silver ammonia concentration ikuwonetsedwanso) (Yerekezerani zokhotakhota zokhotakhota za nsalu za PP pambuyo pa kuchapa kwa 40).
Mlingo wa kufalikira kwa nthunzi wamadzi ndi chizindikiro china chofunikira cha chitonthozo cha kutentha kwa nsalu45. Zikuoneka kuti chinyezi permeability wa nsalu makamaka amakhudzidwa ndi mpweya ndi pamwamba katundu. Ndiko kuti, mpweya permeability makamaka zimadalira chiwerengero cha pores; katundu pamwamba zimakhudza chinyezi permeability wa magulu hydrophilic kudzera adsorption-diffusion-desorption madzi mamolekyu. Monga momwe tawonetsera mu Chithunzi 5b, kutsekemera kwa chinyezi cha PP fiber koyera ndi 4810 g / (m2 · 24h). Pambuyo pa kusindikiza ndi zokutira za PVA, chiwerengero cha mabowo mu PP fiber chimachepa, koma kutsekemera kwa chinyezi cha nsalu ya PVA / PP kumawonjezeka kufika 5070 g / (m2 · 24 h), popeza kusungunuka kwake kwa chinyezi kumatsimikiziridwa makamaka ndi malo apamwamba. osati pores. Pambuyo poyika ma AgNPs, kutsekemera kwa chinyezi cha Ag/PVA/PP nsalu kunachulukiranso. Makamaka, kutentha kwakukulu kwa chinyezi cha Ag / PVA / PP nsalu yomwe imapezeka pamtundu wa silver ammonia wa 30 mM ndi 10300 g / (m2 · 24h). Panthawi imodzimodziyo, kusiyana kwa chinyezi cha nsalu za Ag / PVA / PP zomwe zimapezeka pamagulu osiyanasiyana a ammonia asiliva zingagwirizane ndi kusiyana kwa makulidwe a siliva woyika siliva ndi chiwerengero cha pores.
Kapangidwe ka nsalu kumakhudza kwambiri moyo wawo wautumiki, makamaka ngati zinthu zobwezerezedwanso46. Chithunzi 5c chikuwonetsa kupindika kwamphamvu kwa Ag/PVA/PP nsalu. Mphamvu yamphamvu ya PP yoyera ndi 2.23 MPa yokha, pamene mphamvu yowonongeka ya 1 wt% PVA / PP nsalu ikuwonjezeka kwambiri mpaka 4.56 MPa, zomwe zimasonyeza kuti kutsekemera kwa nsalu ya PVA PP kumathandiza kwambiri kukonza makina ake. katundu. Kukhazikika kwamphamvu ndi kutalika kwa nsalu ya PVA/PP kumawonjezeka ndikuchulukirachulukira kwa PVA modifier chifukwa filimu ya PVA imatha kuthyola nkhawa ndikulimbitsa ulusi wa PP. Komabe, zosintha zikakwera kufika pa 1.5 wt.%, PVA yomata imapangitsa nsalu ya polypropylene kuuma, zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri kuvala chitonthozo.
Poyerekeza ndi nsalu zoyera za PP ndi PVA / PP, mphamvu zamakokedwe ndi elongation pakupuma kwa nsalu za Ag/PVA/PP zimapitilizidwa bwino chifukwa ma Ag nanoparticles omwe amagawidwa mofanana padziko la PP ulusi amatha kugawa katundu47,48. Zitha kuwoneka kuti mphamvu yowonjezereka ya Ag / PP fiber ndi yapamwamba kuposa ya PP yoyera, ikufika ku 3.36 MPa (mkuyu 5d), yomwe imatsimikizira mphamvu yamphamvu ndi yolimbikitsa ya Ag NPs. Makamaka, nsalu ya Ag / PVA / PP yomwe imapangidwa pamtundu wa siliva wa ammonia wa 30 mM (m'malo mwa 50 mM) imawonetsa kulimba kwamphamvu komanso kutalika kwanthawi yopuma, zomwe zikadali chifukwa cha kuyika kwa yunifolomu kwa Ag NPs komanso kuyika yunifolomu. Kuphatikizika kwa NPs zasiliva pansi pamikhalidwe yambiri ya ammonia yasiliva. Kuonjezera apo, pambuyo pa kuchapa kwa 40, mphamvu yowonongeka ndi elongation panthawi yopuma ya Ag / PVA / PP nsalu yokonzedwa pa 30 mM siliva ammonia ndende inatsika ndi 32.7% ndi 26.8%, motero (mkuyu 5d), zomwe zingagwirizane ndi kutaya pang'ono kwa nanoparticles zasiliva zomwe zimayikidwa pambuyo pa izi.
Zithunzi 6a ndi b zimasonyeza zithunzi za kamera ya digito za Ag / PVA / PP nsalu ndi Ag / PP nsalu pambuyo kutsuka kwa 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, ndi 50 m'zinthu pa 30 mM silver ammonia concentration. Nsalu yakuda ya Ag / PVA / PP ndi nsalu ya Ag / PP pang'onopang'ono imakhala imvi yowala mukatsuka; ndipo kusintha kwa mtundu woyamba pakutsuka sikuwoneka ngati koopsa ngati kwachiwiri. Kuonjezera apo, poyerekeza ndi nsalu ya Ag / PP, nsalu za siliva za Ag / PVA / PP zidachepa pang'onopang'ono mutatsuka; mutatsuka ka 20 kapena kuposerapo, woyambayo adasunga siliva wapamwamba kuposa womaliza (mkuyu 6c). Izi zikuwonetsa kuti kuyika ulusi wa PP wokhala ndi zokutira PVA kumatha kupititsa patsogolo kumamatira kwa Ag NPs ku ulusi wa PP. Chithunzi 6d chikuwonetsa zithunzi za SEM za Ag / PVA / PP nsalu ndi Ag / PP nsalu mutatha kutsuka kwa 10, 40, ndi 50. Nsalu za Ag/PVA/PP sizimataya ma Ag NPs pakutsuka kuposa nsalu za Ag/PP, chifukwanso zokutira za PVA zimathandizira kumamatira kwa Ag NPs ku ulusi wa PP.
(a) Zithunzi za nsalu za Ag / PP zotengedwa ndi kamera ya digito (yotengedwa pa 30 mM silver ammonia concentration) mutatha kutsuka kwa 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 ndi 50 cycles (1-6); (b) Ag / PVA / PP Zithunzi za nsalu zotengedwa ndi kamera ya digito (zotengedwa pa 30 mM silver ammonia concentration) mutatha kutsuka kwa 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 ndi 50 kuzungulira (1-6); (c) Kusintha kwa siliva pansalu ziwiri pa nthawi yochapira; (d) Zithunzi za SEM za Ag / PVA / PP nsalu (1-3) ndi Ag / PP nsalu (4-6) pambuyo pa 10, 40 ndi 50 kusamba.
Chithunzi 7 chikuwonetsa zochita za antibacterial ndi zithunzi za kamera ya digito za nsalu za Ag/PVA/PP motsutsana ndi E. coli pambuyo pa 10, 20, 30 ndi 40 kusamba. Pambuyo pa kusamba kwa 10 ndi 20, ntchito ya antibacterial ya nsalu za Ag / PVA / PP inakhalabe pa 99.99% ndi 99.93%, kusonyeza ntchito yabwino kwambiri ya antibacterial. Mlingo wa antibacterial wa Ag / PVA / PP nsalu unachepa pang'ono pambuyo pa 30 ndi 40 nthawi zotsuka, zomwe zinali chifukwa cha kutayika kwa AgNPs pambuyo posamba kwa nthawi yaitali. Komabe, mlingo wa antibacterial wa nsalu ya Ag / PP pambuyo pa kutsuka 40 ndi 80.16% yokha. Ndizodziwikiratu kuti mphamvu ya antibacterial ya nsalu ya Ag / PP pambuyo pa kuchapa kwa 40 ndi yocheperako kuposa ya Ag/PVA/PP nsalu.
(a) Mulingo wa antibacterial zochita motsutsana ndi E. coli. (b) Poyerekeza, zithunzi za nsalu za Ag / PVA / PP zotengedwa ndi kamera ya digito mutatsuka nsalu ya Ag / PP pa 30 mM silver ammonia concentration for 10, 20, 30, 40 and 40 cycles ikuwonetsedwanso.
Chithunzi 8 chikuwonetseratu kupangidwa kwa nsalu zazikulu za Ag/PVA/PP pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya magawo awiri. Ndiko kuti, yankho la PVA / glucose lidaviikidwa mu mpukutuwo kwa nthawi yayitali, kenako nkutulutsidwa, kenako ndikuyikidwa ndi yankho la silver ammonia momwemonso kuti mupeze nsalu ya Ag/PVA/PP. (mkuyu 8a). Nsalu za Ag/PVA/PP zomwe zimatuluka zimasungabe ntchito zabwino kwambiri za antibacterial ngakhale zitasiyidwa kwa chaka chimodzi. Pakukonzekera kwakukulu kwa nsalu za Ag / PVA / PP, PP nonwovens zomwe zinayambitsa zidalowetsedwa mosalekeza ndikudutsa njira ya PVA / glucose ndi yankho la ammonia lasiliva motsatizana ndikusinthidwa. njira ziwiri. Mavidiyo ophatikizidwa. Nthawi ya impregnation imayendetsedwa ndi kusintha liwiro la wodzigudubuza, ndipo kuchuluka kwa njira ya adsorbed kumayendetsedwa ndi kusintha mtunda pakati pa odzigudubuza (mkuyu. ) ndi chodzigudubuza chotolera. Njira yonseyi ndi yosavuta komanso yothandiza, yomwe imathandizira kupanga kwakukulu.
Chithunzi chojambula chopangira zinthu zazikuluzikulu (a) ndi chithunzi champangidwe wa makina opangira zida za Ag/PVA/PP zosawomba (b).
Zosaluka zokhala ndi siliva za PVA/PP zimapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wosavuta wa in-situ wamadzimadzi wophatikizidwa ndi njira yosinthira. Poyerekeza ndi nsalu ya PP ndi nsalu ya PVA / PP, makina opangidwa ndi nsalu yopangidwa ndi Ag / PVA / PP yopanda nsalu amapangidwa bwino kwambiri chifukwa chosanjikiza chosindikizira cha PVA chikhoza kusintha kwambiri kumamatira kwa Ag NPs ku PP fibers. Kuonjezera apo, kuchuluka kwa PVA ndi zomwe zili mu NPs zasiliva mu Ag/PVA/PP nsalu zopanda nsalu zimatha kuwongoleredwa bwino posintha kuchuluka kwa PVA/glucose solution ndi silver ammonia solution. Makamaka, Ag/PVA/PP nonwoven nsalu yokonzedwa pogwiritsa ntchito 30 mM silver ammonia solution inasonyeza zinthu zabwino kwambiri zamakina ndikukhalabe ndi antibacterial antibacterial kwambiri motsutsana ndi E. coli ngakhale pambuyo pa kuchapa kwa 40, kuwonetsa kuthekera kotsutsana ndi kuipitsidwa. PP zinthu zopanda nsalu. Poyerekeza ndi zolemba zina za mabuku, nsalu zomwe tinapeza pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosavuta zimasonyeza kukana bwino kuchapa. Komanso, chifukwa Ag/PVA/PP nonwoven nsalu ndi abwino permeability chinyezi ndi kuvala chitonthozo, amene atsogolere ntchito yake mu ntchito mafakitale.
Phatikizani zonse zomwe zapezedwa kapena zosanthulidwa panthawi ya kafukufukuyu (ndi mafayilo awo othandizira).
Russell, SM et al. Ma biosensors kuti athane ndi mkuntho wa COVID-19 cytokine: zovuta zomwe zikubwera. ACS Sens. 5, 1506–1513 (2020).
Zaeem S, Chong JH, Shankaranarayanan V ndi Harkey A. COVID-19 ndi mayankho amagulu ambiri. panopa. funso. mtima. 45, 100618 (2020).
Zhang R, ndi al. Kuyerekeza kwa kuchuluka kwa milandu ya coronavirus mu 2019 ku China kumasinthidwa ndi magawo komanso zigawo zomwe zafala. kutsogolo. mankhwala. 14, 199–209 (2020).
Gao J. et al. Flexible, superhydrophobic komanso kwambiri conductive nonwoven polypropylene nsalu composite za electromagnetic kusokoneza chitetezo. Chemical. injiniya. J. 364, 493–502 (2019).
Raihan M. et al. Kupititsa patsogolo mafilimu ambiri a polyacrylonitrile / siliva nanocomposite: zochita zowononga mabakiteriya, ntchito zothandizira, conductivity, chitetezo cha UV ndi zogwira ntchito za SERS. J. Mat. gwero. matekinoloje. 9, 9380–9394 (2020).
Dawadi S, Katuwal S, Gupta A, Lamichane U ndi Parajuli N. Kafukufuku wamakono pa nanoparticles zasiliva: synthesis, characterization and applications. J. Nanomaterials. 2021, 6687290 (2021).
Deng Da, Chen Zhi, Hu Yong, Ma Jian, Tong YDN Njira yosavuta yokonzekera inki yopangira siliva ndikuyiyika pamalo osankhidwa pafupipafupi. Nanotechnology 31, 105705–105705 (2019).
Hao, Y. et al. Ma polima a Hyperbranched amathandizira kugwiritsa ntchito ma nanoparticles a siliva ngati okhazikika pakusindikiza kwa inkjet kwa mabwalo osinthika. R. Shuker. Chemical. 43, 2797–2803 (2019).
Keller P ndi Kawasaki HJML Conductive leaf vein networks opangidwa ndi kudzipangira okha ma nanoparticles asiliva kuti agwiritse ntchito mu masensa osinthika. Mat. Wright. 284, 128937.1-128937.4 (2020).
Li, J. et al. Silver nanoparticle-chokongoletsedwa silika nanospheres ndi arrays monga angathe magawo a pamwamba-ubwino Raman kubalalitsidwa. ASU Omega 6, 32879–32887 (2021).
Liu, X. et al. Pamwamba patali kwambiri wosinthika wa Raman scattering sensor (SERS) wokhala ndi kukhazikika kwazizindikiro komanso kufananiza. Ntchito ya ACS Mat. Mawonekedwe 12, 45332-45341 (2020).
Sandeep, KG et al. Maonekedwe amtundu wa fullerene nanorod okongoletsedwa ndi ma nanoparticles asiliva (Ag-FNRs) amagwira ntchito ngati gawo limodzi lodziyimira pawokha la SERS. physics. Chemical. Chemical. physics. 27, 18873–18878 (2018).
Emam, HE ndi Ahmed, HB Kuyerekeza kwa ma homometallic ndi heterometallic agar-based nanostructures panthawi ya kuwonongeka kwa utoto. mayiko. J. Biol. Mamolekyu aakulu. 138, 450–461 (2019).
Emam, HE, Mikhail, MM, El-Sherbiny, S., Nagy, KS ndi Ahmed, HB Metal-dependent nanocatalysis pofuna kuchepetsa kununkhira koipitsa. Lachitatu. sayansi. kuipitsa. gwero. mayiko. 27, 6459–6475 (2020).
Ahmed HB ndi Emam HE Triple core-shell (Ag-Au-Pd) nanostructures wopangidwa kuchokera ku njere pa kutentha kwapakati kuti athe kuyeretsa madzi. polima. mayeso. 89, 106720 (2020).
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-26-2023