Incamake y'inganda
1. Ibisobanuro
Inganda z’imyenda ninganda zinganda zitunganya fibre naturel na chimique mumyenda itandukanye, ubudodo, umugozi, umukandara, imyenda, nibicuruzwa byabo bisize irangi. Ukurikije ibintu by’imyenda, irashobora kugabanywa mu nganda z’imyenda y’ipamba, inganda z’imyenda y’imyenda, inganda z’imyenda y’ubwoya, inganda z’imyenda y’imyenda, inganda z’imyenda ya fibre, n’ibindi.
Inganda zimyenda nimwe murwego rukomeye rwinganda zinganda zoroheje. Ugereranije n'inganda ziremereye, ifite ibiranga ishoramari rito, ibicuruzwa byihuta byinjira, igihe gito cyo kubaka, hamwe nubushobozi bwakazi.
Dukurikije “Ibyiciro n’amategeko agenga inganda z’ubukungu bw’igihugu” byashyizweho n’ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe ibarurishamibare, inganda z’imyenda ni iz'inganda zikora inganda (Ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe ibarurishamibare 17).
2. Isesengura ryuruhererekane rwinganda: Hano hari benshi bitabiriye urwego rwinganda
Uhereye hejuru y’urunigi rw’inganda, rurimo ahanini ibikoresho fatizo nka fibre naturel na fibre chimique, hamwe n’imashini zipima no gupima imyenda; Hagati yigabanyijemo cyane cyane gutunganya imyenda, gutunganya imyenda yubudodo, gutunganya imyenda yubwoya, gutunganya imyenda yubudodo, ninganda za fibre fibre dukurikije ibikoresho bitandukanye byo gutunganya; Ibintu bitatu bisabwa birangira inganda zo hasi ni imyenda n imyenda, imyenda yo murugo, hamwe nimyenda yinganda.
Ibikoresho byo mu rwego rwo hejuru kandi bitanga ibikoresho mu ruganda rukora imyenda harimo cyane cyane inganda za pamba za Huafu, Ubushinwa bw’amabara, Ubuhinzi bwa Hanya, Inganda z’ipamba, Fengda, Ikoranabuhanga rya Madrid, hamwe n’imigabane ya Runtu; Abatanga imashini zitanga imyenda cyane cyane barimo Zolang Intelligent, warp na weft, nibindi; Kwipimisha imyenda bikubiyemo ibigo byipimisha nka Huace Testing. Imishinga yo hagati mu bucuruzi bw’imyenda cyane cyane irimo Xinao Group, Zhongding Textile, Zhejiang Culture Film Industry, Kangsai Ni, Lutai Group nizindi mishinga. Abatanga isoko nyamukuru yimyenda yimyenda yimyenda murwego rwimyenda yimyenda harimo Anzheng Fashion, Meibang Apparel, na Hongdou Co., Ltd; Abatanga imyenda yo murugo ahanini barimo Zhongwang Imyenda Yubuhanzi, Urubura rwikiyaga cya Taihu, nibindi; Imyenda yinganda zirimo Ogilvy Medical and Medical Stable Medical.
Amateka yiterambere ryinganda
Nka nganda gakondo mubushinwa, inganda zimyenda zahindutse imbaraga zingenzi zunganira imikorere ihamye yimikorere yimyenda yisi nyuma yimyaka yiterambere.
Kuva Repubulika y’Ubushinwa yashingwa, iterambere ry’inganda z’imyenda rishobora kugabanywa mu byiciro bitandatu.
Kuva mu 1949 kugeza 1978, Ubushinwa bwashyizeho uburyo bunoze bwo gutunganya imyenda ifite ibyiciro byuzuye kandi byuzuye.
Kuva mu 1979 kugeza 1992, nk'intangiriro yo kuvugurura no gufungura, inganda z’imyenda zakurikiranye byimazeyo ibihe. Kuva mu 1984 kugeza 1992, agaciro kwohereza mu mahanga imyenda n’imyenda byiyongereyeho inshuro 5.9, ugereranyije n’ubwiyongere bw’umwaka wa 27.23%. Umugabane w’Ubushinwa ku bicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga n’imyenda byiyongereye uva kuri 6.4% ugera ku 10.2%; Ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga biva muri toni 600000 bigera kuri toni miliyoni 1.34; Amafaranga yatumijwe mu mahanga no kohereza mu mahanga yiyongereyeho 5.7, ahindura uko Ubushinwa bwifashe nabi mu bucuruzi. Gukomeza kunoza ivugurura no gufungura byaguye umwanya wo guteza imbere inganda z’imyenda.
Kuva mu 1993 kugeza 2000, inganda z’imyenda mu Bushinwa zinjiye mu gihe cy’iterambere rihamye; Kuva mu 2001 kugeza 2007, kuva Ubushinwa bwinjira muri WTO, mu rwego rwo kuzamura ubukungu bw’isi, inganda z’imyenda mu Bushinwa zinjiye mu “nzira yihuse” maze zitangira “igihe cyizahabu”. Umwanya w’inganda mu rwego rw’imyenda y’imyenda ku isi uragenda wiyongera, umugabane w’isoko uhora waguka, kandi imbaraga zacyo n’ibiganiro bikomeza gushimangira.
Kuva mu mwaka wa 2008 kugeza 2020, inganda z’imyenda mu Bushinwa zatangiye gushakisha impinduka, guhindura imiterere y’ibicuruzwa, no kuza ku mwanya wa mbere ku isi mu bijyanye n’ubushobozi bw’inganda n’urwego ku masano yose y’inganda. Tekinoroji yo kubyaza umusaruro mwinshi hamwe nigitambara kinini cyane nayo iri kumwanya wambere kwisi.
Mu gihe cy’imyaka 14 y’imyaka itanu, Ishyirahamwe ry’inganda z’imyenda mu Bushinwa ryasabye gufata neza "izuru ry’ikimasa" cyo guhanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga, guca mu nzitizi zikomeye, no gushyiraho moteri ikomeye yo guteza imbere inganda. Hasabwe ko mu 2023, inganda z’imyenda mu Bushinwa zigomba kuba intandaro y’ikoranabuhanga ry’imyenda ku isi, umuyobozi ukomeye mu myambarire y’isi, ndetse n’iterambere rikomeye ry’iterambere rirambye.
Ibihe byiterambere ryinganda
1. Agaciro kiyongereye ku nganda zinganda hejuru yubunini bwagenwe mu nganda z’imyenda
Raporo y’ubukungu y’ubukungu bw’inganda z’Ubushinwa, ivuga ko kuva mu 2018 kugeza mu wa 2023, agaciro kiyongereye ku nganda z’inganda hejuru y’ubunini bwagenwe mu nganda z’imyenda mu Bushinwa zerekanye ko ihindagurika. Mu 2023, inganda zongerewe agaciro mu nganda ziri hejuru y’ubunini bwagenwe mu nganda z’imyenda zagabanutseho 1,2% umwaka ushize, kandi umuvuduko w’ubwiyongere wongeye kwiyongera ugereranije na 2022.
2. Umubare winganda zinganda zinganda
Nk’uko imibare yaturutse mu kigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe ibarurishamibare ibigaragaza, umubare w’inganda z’imyenda mu Bushinwa wagaragaje ihinduka ry’imihindagurikire kuva mu 2017 kugeza mu wa 2023. Mu Kuboza 2023, umubare w’inganda z’inganda z’imyenda mu Bushinwa wari 20822, wiyongereyeho 3.55% ugereranije n’Ukuboza 2022. Biteganijwe ko umubare w’inganda zitanga inganda zizakomeza kwiyongera.
3. Ibicuruzwa biva mu nganda
Dukurikije imibare yatanzwe n’inama y’igihugu y’imyenda n’imyenda y’Ubushinwa hamwe n’ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe ibarurishamibare, kuva mu 2018 kugeza mu wa 2023, umusaruro w’imyenda, imyenda, ubudodo, n’imyenda iboheye mu nganda z’imyenda byagaragaje ko ihindagurika ryamanutse. Mu 2023, umusaruro w’ibicuruzwa byingenzi nkudodo, imyenda, ubudodo, n’imyenda iboshywe bizaba toni miliyoni 22.342, metero 29.49, na metero 256.417.
Kuva muri Mutarama kugeza Mata 2024, umusaruro w’ibanze w’ibicuruzwa wari toni miliyoni 7.061, umwaka ushize wagabanutseho 5.72%; Umusaruro w’imyenda wageze kuri metero miliyari 10.31, umwaka ushize wiyongereyeho 2,69%; Umusaruro w’imyenda ubudodo hamwe n’imyenda iboshye wageze kuri metero 78,665, umwaka ushize wiyongereyeho 13.24%.
4. Ingano nubunini bwinganda zimyenda
Dukurikije imibare yatanzwe n’inama y’igihugu y’imyenda n’imyenda mu Bushinwa hamwe n’ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe ibarurishamibare, amafaranga yinjira mu nganda z’imyenda y’Ubushinwa hejuru y’ubunini yagenwe yerekanaga ko ihindagurika kuva mu 2018 kugeza mu 2023. Mu 2023, amafaranga yinjira mu nganda z’imyenda arenga miliyoni 2.28791 yu mwaka, ku mwaka ku mwaka wagabanutseho 12.53%.
Icyitonderwa: Calibre statistique yiki gice ninjiza yimikorere yinganda zimyenda hejuru yikigero runaka, usibye inganda zimyenda n imyenda ninganda za fibre chimique.
Uburyo bwo guhatanira inganda
1. Amarushanwa yo mu karere: Zhejiang, Shandong, Hebei, Guangdong, Jiangsu, Fujian n'utundi turere dufite inyungu zikomeye zo guhatanira
Inganda z’imyenda mu Bushinwa zibanda cyane cyane mu ntara nka Zhejiang, Shandong, Hebei, Guangdong, Jiangsu, na Fujian. Utu turere dufite inyungu zigaragara mu guhatanira ubucuruzi bw’amahanga, ibikorwa remezo bifasha inganda, no gukurura impano.
Urebye urunigi ruhuza inganda, inganda z’imyenda yibanda cyane cyane mu gice cyo hagati no hepfo y’umugezi w’umuhondo n’umugezi wa Yangtze, akaba ari yo Bushinwa bwa mbere n’ubuhinzi bwa pamba. Inganda z’imyenda zikwirakwizwa cyane cyane i Harbin mu majyaruguru y’Uburasirazuba bw’Ubushinwa na Hangzhou ku nkombe y’umugezi wa Qiantang, akaba ari n’ahantu hakorerwa umusaruro mwinshi wa flax na jute; Inganda z’imyenda y’ubwoya zikwirakwizwa cyane cyane i Beijing, Hohhot, Xi'an, Lanzhou, Xining, Urumqi n’ahandi, usanga ahanini ari ubworozi n’ahantu hakorerwa ubwoya hafi y’ubworozi; Inganda zidoda zidoda zikwirakwizwa cyane cyane muri Hangzhou, Suzhou, Wuxi, ikibaya cyikiyaga cya Taihu n’ikibaya cya Sichuan, aho inkomoko y’ubudodo cyangwa Zuo; Uruganda rukora imyenda ya fibre rukwirakwizwa cyane muri Zhejiang, Jiangsu, na Fujian; Inganda zo gucapa no gusiga amarangi zikwirakwizwa cyane cyane muri Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Guangdong no mu tundi turere, aho inganda z’imyenda ziteye imbere; Biteguye kwambara inganda byibanda cyane cyane muri Guangdong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang no mu tundi turere, aho inganda z’imyenda zateye imbere kandi zikaba zifite urunigi rwuzuye.
2. Uburyo bwo guhatanira imishinga: Amarushanwa yo ku isoko arakaze
Urebye imirima itandukanijwe, inganda z’imyenda yiganjemo cyane cyane inganda nka Weiqiao Entrepreneurship, Tianhong International, Huafu Fashion, na Bailong Oriental; Uruganda rukora imyenda rwiganjemo cyane cyane inganda nka Jinying Shares, Huasheng Shares, na Jinda Holdings; Inganda z’imyenda y’ubwoya yiganjemo cyane cyane inganda nka New Australia Group, Zhongding Textile, na Zhejiang Culture Film Industry; Inganda zidoda n’imyenda yiganjemo cyane cyane inganda nka Jiaxin Silk, Dali Silk, na Jin Fuchun; Inganda zikora imyenda ya fibre zirimo Caidie Inganda, Hongda tekinoroji, hamwe na Taihua Ibikoresho bishya.
Iterambere ryinganda no guhanura
1. Iteganyagihe rya Outlook: Ingano yisoko izarenga tiriyoni 3.4 yu mwaka wa 2029
Mu 2023, umuvuduko w’iterambere ry’ubukungu ku isi wagabanije icyifuzo cyo hasi mu nganda z’imyenda. Ibikoresho fatizo byimbere nka pamba na peteroli byagiye bihindagurika cyane kubiciro kubera amakimbirane yo mukarere, kandi ingaruka zituruka kumugezi no hejuru zashyize igitutu kumikorere rusange yinganda zimyenda. Iterambere ry’inganda z’imyenda gukira icyorezo ryagiye gahoro. Mu myaka 20 ishize, Ubushinwa bwashishikarije ihererekanyabubasha ry’imyenda iva mu Buyapani, Koreya yepfo n’ahandi hamwe n’ibiciro by’umurimo muke, kandi ryateye imbere mu bihugu by’imyenda nini ku isi no kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze, rifite imyanya 9 mu icumi bakora inganda z’imyenda ku isi. Hamwe n’iterambere ry’urwego rw’ubutasi mu nganda z’imyenda mu Bushinwa, inganda zizatangiza amahirwe mashya y’iterambere mu bihe biri imbere. Dukurikije “Gahunda y’imyaka 14 n’iterambere ry’inganda z’imyenda”, impuzandengo y’ubwiyongere buri mwaka y’inganda zongerewe agaciro n’inganda z’imyenda iri hejuru y’ubunini bwagenwe zizakomeza kuba mu rugero rwiza. Urebye imbere, biteganijwe ko kuva 2024 kugeza 2029, igipimo cy’inganda z’imyenda mu Bushinwa kiziyongera ku gipimo cy’ubwiyongere bw’umwaka wa 4%. Biteganijwe ko mu 2029, igipimo cy’inganda z’imyenda mu Bushinwa kizagera kuri miliyari 3442.2.
2. Isesengura ryibyerekezo: guhererekanya ubushobozi, "Internet plus", kurengera ibidukikije
Mu bihe biri imbere, inganda z’imyenda mu Bushinwa zizibanda cyane cyane ku kwimura buhoro buhoro ubushobozi bw’umusaruro muri Aziya y’Amajyepfo y’Amajyepfo. Biteganijwe ko interineti hiyongereyeho imyenda nayo izahinduka imwe mu majyambere y’iterambere ry’inganda z’imyenda n’imyenda mu Bushinwa. Byongeye kandi, inganda z’imyenda mu Bushinwa zizagenda zerekeza buhoro buhoro mu rwego rwo kurengera ibidukikije. Mu rwego rwo kuzamura ubushobozi bw’inganda, kuyobora politiki n’ibindi bintu, kurengera ibidukikije biracyari kimwe mu bintu bigomba kwibandwaho mu iterambere ry’ejo hazaza h’inganda z’imyenda n’imyenda mu Bushinwa.
Dongguan Liansheng Ntabwo Yubatswe Ikoranabuhanga Co, Ltd.yashinzwe muri Gicurasi 2020.Ni uruganda runini rutunganya imyenda rudahuza ubushakashatsi niterambere, umusaruro, no kugurisha. Irashobora gutanga amabara atandukanye ya PP spunbond idoda idoda hamwe n'ubugari bwa metero 3.2 kuva kuri garama 9 kugeza kuri garama 300.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-15-2024