Inganda zidoda imyenda mubuhinde

Mu myaka itanu ishize, umuvuduko w’ubwiyongere bw’umwaka w’inganda zidoda imyenda mu Buhinde wagumye hafi 15%. Abashinzwe inganda bavuga ko mu myaka iri imbere, biteganijwe ko Ubuhinde buzahinduka ikindi kigo cy’imyenda idoda ku isi nyuma y’Ubushinwa. Abasesenguzi ba guverinoma y'Ubuhinde bavuga ko mu mpera za 2018, umusaruro w’imyenda idoda mu Buhinde uzagera kuri toni 500000, naho umusaruro w’imyenda idoda ubudodo uzaba hafi 45% by’umusaruro wose. Ubuhinde bufite abaturage benshi kandi bakeneye cyane ibikoresho bidoda. Guverinoma y'Ubuhinde yongereye ingufu mu guteza imbere inganda zidoda kugira ngo igere buhoro buhoro igana ku rwego rwo hejuru, kandi umubare munini w’amasosiyete mpuzamahanga nayo yashinze inganda cyangwa akora ubugenzuzi mu Buhinde. Ni ubuhe buryo isoko ryifashe ku bicuruzwa bidoda mu Buhinde? Ni ubuhe buryo bw'iterambere bw'ejo hazaza?

Urwego rwo hasi rwo gukoresha rugaragaza ubushobozi bwisoko

Ubuhinde, kimwe n'Ubushinwa, ni ubukungu bukomeye bw'imyenda. Mu Buhinde imyenda y’imyenda, umugabane w’isoko ry’inganda zidoda ubudozi ugera kuri 12%. Nyamara, ubushakashatsi buherutse gukorwa bwerekana ko kuri ubu, urwego rw’imikoreshereze y’ibikoresho bidakozwe n’Abahinde ruri hasi cyane, kandi hari byinshi byo kunonosora. Ubuhinde bufite abaturage benshi, ariko buri mwaka umuturage akoresha ibicuruzwa bidoda ni 0.04 US $ gusa, mugihe muri rusange urwego rwo gukoresha umuturage muri Aziya ya pasifika ni 7.5 US $, Uburayi bwiburengerazuba ni 34.90 US $, naho Amerika ni 42.20 US $. Byongeye kandi, ibiciro by’umurimo muke mu Buhinde nabyo ni byo bituma amasosiyete y’iburengerazuba yizera ko Ubuhinde bushobora gukoresha. Nk’uko ubushakashatsi bwakozwe n’ikigo mpuzamahanga cy’ibihugu by’Uburayi gishinzwe gupima no kugisha inama kibitangaza, urwego rw’imikoreshereze y’ibicuruzwa bidoda mu Buhinde ruziyongeraho 20% kuva 2014 kugeza 2018, bitewe ahanini n’umubare munini w’abana bavuka mu Buhinde, cyane cyane ubwiyongere bw’abagore, ndetse n’ubushobozi buke bwo gukoresha.

Duhereye kuri gahunda zimyaka itanu mubuhinde, birashobora kugaragara ko ikoranabuhanga ridoda hamwe ninganda zimyenda byahindutse igice cyingenzi cyiterambere ryu Buhinde. Ingabo z’Ubuhinde, umutekano, ubuzima, umuhanda n’ibindi bikorwa remezo nabyo bizatanga amahirwe menshi y’ubucuruzi ku nganda zidoda. Icyakora, iterambere ry’inganda zidoda mu Buhinde naryo rihura n’ibibazo nko kubura akazi kabuhariwe, kubura abajyanama b’inzobere, no kubura amafaranga n’ikoranabuhanga.

Kurekura Byinshi bya Politiki Yibanze, Ikigo Cyikoranabuhanga gikora imirimo yingenzi

Mu rwego rwo gukurura ishoramari ryinshi, guverinoma y'Ubuhinde yagerageje kongera ishoramari mu nganda z’imyenda idoda.

Kugeza ubu, iterambere ry’inganda zidoda zidoda mu Buhinde ryabaye muri gahunda y’iterambere ry’igihugu “2013-2017 Ubuhinde bwa Tekinike Tekinike n’iterambere ry’inganda zidoda”. Bitandukanye n’ibindi bihugu biri mu nzira y'amajyambere, guverinoma y’Ubuhinde ishimangira cyane ku gishushanyo mbonera cy’ibicuruzwa n’ibicuruzwa bishya bidoda, bifasha kuzamura ubushobozi bw’ibicuruzwa byayo ku isoko ry’isi. Uyu mushinga urateganya kandi gushora imari itari mike mu bushakashatsi bw’inganda n’iterambere ry’iterambere mbere ya 2020.

Guverinoma y'Ubuhinde ishyigikiye ko hashyirwaho uturere twihariye tw’ubukungu mu gihugu, twizeye gukurura abashoramari mu nzego zitandukanye. Akarere ka Mondra muri leta ya Gajereti mu burengerazuba bw'Ubuhinde ndetse no mu majyepfo y'Ubuhinde byafashe iya mbere mu gushyiraho uturere tw’ubukungu bw’imyenda idoda. Abatuye muri utwo turere twihariye bazobereye mu gukora imyenda y’inganda n’imyenda idoda, kandi bazahabwa politiki zinyuranye nko gutanga imisoro ya leta.

Kugeza ubu, guverinoma y'Ubuhinde yashyizeho ibigo bine by’indashyikirwa mu myenda y’inganda muri gahunda y’ikoranabuhanga ry’ikoranabuhanga. Ishoramari rusange ryibi bigo mugihe cyimyaka 3 ni hafi miliyoni 22 z'amadolari ya Amerika. Ibice bine byingenzi byubatswe byumushinga ni imyenda idoda, imyenda ya siporo, imyenda yinganda, nibikoresho byinshi. Buri kigo kizahabwa miliyoni 5.44 z'amadorali yo gutera inkunga ibikorwa remezo, gutera inkunga impano, n'ibikoresho bihamye. Ikigo cy’ubushakashatsi bw’imyenda n’ubuhanga cya DKTE giherereye muri Yicher Grunge, mu Buhinde nacyo kizashyiraho ikigo cy’imyenda idoda.

Byongeye kandi, guverinoma y'Ubuhinde yatanze amafaranga yihariye y'ibikoresho bitumizwa mu mahanga kugira ngo bikemure ibikenerwa mu nganda zo mu gihugu zidoda. Dukurikije gahunda, itangwa ry’amafaranga yihariye rigomba kuba rishobora gushishikariza abahinzi bo mu Buhinde kurangiza ikoranabuhanga rigezweho mu mpera zuyu mwaka. Nk’uko gahunda ya guverinoma ibivuga, kongera umusaruro w’imbere mu gihugu w’imyenda idoda, bizaha Ubuhinde amahirwe yo gutangira kohereza ibicuruzwa ku masoko aturanye, nka Pakisitani, Bangaladeshi, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bhutani, Miyanimari, Afurika y’iburasirazuba, ndetse n’ibihugu bimwe na bimwe byo mu burasirazuba bwo hagati, ibyo byose bikaba byiyongereye cyane ku myenda idoda mu mezi ashize.

Usibye kwiyongera k'umusaruro w'imbere mu gihugu, gukoresha no kohereza ibicuruzwa bidoda mu Buhinde nabyo biziyongera cyane mu myaka iri imbere. Ubwiyongere bw'amafaranga yinjira bugira uruhare mu gukora no kugurisha impinja.

Hamwe n’ubwiyongere bukomeje gukenerwa ku bikoresho bidoda mu Buhinde, ibihangange by’inganda zidoda ku isi na byo byatangaje gahunda yo kongera ibicuruzwa byoherezwa ku isoko ry’Ubuhinde, ndetse bifite gahunda yo gutangiza umusaruro mu Buhinde. Abenshi mu bakora inganda zidoda zidatuye mu Bushinwa no mu bindi bihugu byo muri Aziya na bo bohereje mu Buhinde imyenda idoda mu rwego rwo guhaza ibicuruzwa by’isuku bikomeje kwiyongera mu Buhinde.

Amasosiyete yo mu Burayi n’Abanyamerika ashishikajwe no kubaka inganda mu Buhinde

Kuva mu 2015, amasosiyete agera ku 100 yo mu mahanga yahisemo gushinga inganda zidoda imyenda mu Buhinde, nini niniimishinga idodamuburayi na Amerika muri rusange gushora imari cyane.

Dech Joy, isosiyete y'Abanyamerika, yubatse imirongo igera kuri 8 y’amazi y’indege mu mijyi myinshi yo mu majyepfo y’Ubuhinde mu myaka 2, ishoramari ry’amadorari agera kuri miliyoni 90. Umuyobozi w'uru ruganda yavuze ko kuva mu mwaka wa 2015, icyifuzo cyo guhanagura inganda zitose mu Buhinde cyazamutse cyane, kandi ubushobozi bw’isosiyete isanzweho ntibushobora guhangana n’imihindagurikire y’ibisabwa ku isoko ryaho. Kubwibyo, hafashwe icyemezo cyo kwagura ubushobozi bwumusaruro.

Precot, izwi cyane mu Budage ikora ibicuruzwa bidoda, yashyizeho umushinga wo kudoda imyenda muri leta ya Karnataka y’amajyepfo y’Ubuhinde, cyane cyane utanga ibikomoka ku buzima. Umuyobozi mukuru w’ishami rishya rya Precot, Ashok, yatangaje ko uru ari uruganda rwuzuye rutarimo imirongo y’imyenda idoda gusa n’imashini zirangiza, ariko kandi no gutunganya ibicuruzwa.

Fiberweb, isosiyete y'Abanyamerika, yashinze Terram mu Buhinde, ikubiyemo imirongo ibiri itanga umusaruro: geotextile na spunbond. Nk’uko impuguke mu kwamamaza Hamilton yo muri iberweb ibivuga, Ubuhinde bushora imari cyane mu bikorwa remezo kugira ngo butere imbere ubukungu bwihuse, kandi isoko rya geotextile na geosynthetike rizagenda ryaguka. Hamilton yagize ati: "Twashyizeho ubufatanye na bamwe mu bakiriya baho mu Buhinde, kandi akarere k'Ubuhinde kamaze kuba igice cy'ingenzi muri gahunda ya Fiberweb yo kwagura amasoko yo hanze. Byongeye kandi, Ubuhinde butanga ibiciro bishimishije, bituma dushobora guha abakiriya ibikoresho byujuje ubuziranenge mu gihe ibiciro by’ipiganwa".

Procter & Gamble ifite gahunda yo gushyiraho umurongo utanga umusaruro udasanzwe ku isoko ryu Buhinde nabaturage. Dukurikije imibare ya Procter & Gamble, abaturage b’Ubuhinde bose bazagera kuri miliyari 1.4 mu myaka iri imbere, bityo habeho uburyo bwo kongera ibicuruzwa ku bicuruzwa byayo. Umuyobozi w'uru ruganda yavuze ko ku isoko ry’Ubuhinde hakenewe cyane imyenda idoda, ariko ibiciro ndetse n’ibidahwitse bijyanye no kohereza mu mahanga imipaka y’ibicuruzwa fatizo ntibisanzwe ku mishinga iterwa inkunga n’amahanga. Gushiraho inganda zaho ni ugukorera neza abakiriya mukarere k'Ubuhinde.

Isosiyete yo mu Buhinde, Global Nonwoven Group, yubatse imirongo minini nini yo kuzunguruka no gushonga muri Nasik. Umuvugizi w'uru ruganda yavuze ko kubera ubwiyongere bukabije bw’inkunga leta ifasha iyi sosiyete ndetse n’abandi bakora inganda mu myaka yashize, imishinga y’ishoramari yagutse ku buryo bugaragara, kandi iyi sosiyete izanareba gahunda nshya zo kwagura.