Mushure meiyo novel coronavirus denda, vanhu vazhinji vaona basa rakakosha remasks. Saka, ruzivo urwu rwesainzi nezve masks.Unoziva here?
Nzira yekusarudza mask?
Panyaya yedhizaini, kana yakaverengerwa zvinoenderana nekutanga kweanopfeka ega ekudzivirira kugona (kubva kumusoro kusvika pasi): N95 masks> ekuvhiya masiki> akajairwa ekurapa masiki> akajairwa masiki ekotoni.
Kune iyo novel coronavirus ine hutachiona hwepneumonia, masks ekuvhiya ekuvhiya uye masks ane kusefa kweasina mafuta zvimedu zvakakura kupfuura kana kuenzana ne95%, senge N95, KN95, DS2, FFP2, zvine mhedzisiro yekuvharisa.
Kurongeka kwemasikisi ekurapa
Parizvino, masiki ekurapa muChina anonyanya kukamurwa kuita marudzi matatu: masiki ekudzivirira ekurapa ane danho repamusoro rekudzivirira, masks ekuvhiya ekuvhiya anowanzo shandiswa munzvimbo dzinopinda dzekushanda dzakaita semakamuri ekuvhiya, uye akajairwa nhanho yekurapa masks.
Zvinhu zvemasiki ekurapa
Isu tinowanzo taura kuti masiki anogadzirwa neasina-akarukwa machira, iro jira risiri rakarukwa richienzaniswa nejira remachira. Iyo inoumbwa neyakatariswa kana isina mafibhi. Kunyanya kumasiki, zvese zvawo zvekushandisa polypropylene (PP), uye masks ekurapa anowanzo ane akawanda-layer chimiro, anowanzo kunzi SMS chimiro.
Zivo yemakemikari
Polypropylene, inozivikanwawo sePP, haina ruvara, isina kunhuhwirira, isina-chepfu, uye semi-pachena yakajeka chinhu chakasimba chakaumbwa nepolymerization yepropylene. Iyo molecular formula ndeye - [CH2CH (CH3)] n -. Polypropylene inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzira zvigadzirwa zvefiber zvakaita sembatya nemagumbeze, midziyo yekurapa, mota, mabhasikoro, zvikamu, mapaipi ekufambisa, midziyo yemakemikari, uye inoshandiswawo mukudya uye kurongedza zvinodhaka.
Kubva pakuona kwemask zvinhu, polypropylene high melting point isiri-yakarukwa jira rakakosha rave sarudzo yakanakisa, kugadzira polypropylene zvigadzirwa zvine melt mass flow rate ye33-41g/min, zvichisangana nechiyero chehutsanana polypropylene jira risiri rakarukwa.
Iro jira risiri-rakarukwa rakagadzirwa kubva ku polypropylene risiri rakarukwa jira rakakosha rinogona kushandiswa kuraswa machira ekuvhiya, mashiti, masks, mavharo, mvura inonwisa mapedhi uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvekurapa nezvehutano. Pakati pavo, masks asina kurukwa anogadzirwa nezvikamu zviviri zvefiber isiri-yakarukwa jira rinonyanya kushandiswa kune zvekurapa uye zvehutano zvinangwa, ine imwe yekuwedzera dhizaini yekupfapfaidza jira rine kusefa uye antibacterial mhedzisiro inopfuura 99.999% yakawedzerwa pakati, iyo yakasungirirwa nemafungu e ultrasonic.
Anti virus yekurapa mask
Iwo masiki anogona kupa kudzivirira kwehutachiona kunyanya anosanganisira masiki ekuvhiya ekuvhiya uye N95 masks. Zvinoenderana neyakajairwa yenyika YY 0469-2004 "Technical Requirements for Medical Surgical Masks", zvakakosha zvehunyanzvi zviratidzo izvo masks ekuvhiya ekuvhiya anofanira kusangana nazvo zvinosanganisira kusefa, kushanda zvakanaka kwebhakitiriya, uye kuramba kufema:
Kushanda kwefiltration: Pasi pemamiriro ekuyerera kwemhepo (30 ± 2) L/min, kusefa kwesodium chloride aerosol ine dhayamita yepakati (0.24 ± 0.06) μ m mu aerodynamics haisi pasi pe30%;
Bacterial filtration kunyatsoita: Pasi pemamiriro akatarwa, kusefa kweStaphylococcus aureus aerosols ine avhareji yechidimbu dhayamita ye (3 ± 0.3) μ m haifaniri kunge iri pasi pe95%;
Kupokana kwekufema: Pasi pemamiriro ekusefa kushanda zvakanaka kuyerera mwero, iyo inofemerwa kuramba haipfuure 49Pa uye kupikisa kwekufema hakupfuuri 29.4Pa.
Chechipiri chiyero chekuona bhakitiriya kusefa kushanda zvakanaka ndechekuti kusefa kweStaphylococcus aureus bacterial aerosols haifanirwe kunge iri pasi pe95%, inova mavambo eN95 pfungwa. Naizvozvo, kunyangwe maN95 masiki asiri masiki ekurapa, anosangana neyakajairwa 95% kusefa kunyatsoita uye anogona kukwana kumeso kwemunhu zviri nani, saka anogona zvakare kuita basa rakanaka mukudzivirira hutachiona.
Nyunguduka jira risiri rakarukwa
Chinhu chikuru chinounza hutachiona kusefa maitiro kune aya marudzi maviri emasiki ndeye yakanyanya kunaka uye electrostatic yemukati layer sefa jira - meltblown isiri-yakarukwa jira.
Chinhu chikuru chekunyunguduka chakapepereswa jira risiri rakarukwa polypropylene, iri Ultra-yakanaka electrostatic fiber jira rinogona kubata huruva. Kana madonhwe ane utachiona hwemabayo anosvika pajira risiri rakarukwa rakanyunguduka, anenge akashongedzwa nemagetsi pamusoro pejira risiri rakarukwa uye haakwanise kupfuura.
Uyu ndiwo musimboti wechinhu ichi chinotsaura mabhakitiriya. Mushure mekubatwa ne ultrafine electrostatic fibers, huruva yakanyanya kunetsa kubvisa nekuda kwekuchenesa, uye kugeza nemvura kunogona zvakare kukuvadza kugona kwe electrostatic suction. Nokudaro, rudzi urwu rwemasikisi runogona kushandiswa kamwe chete. Akakodzera mazinga ekunyunguduka akafefeta kusefa kwemaski akafuratira anosanganisira: akajairwa nhanho, BFE95 (95% kusefa kunyatsoita), BFE99 (99% kusefa kunyatsoita), VFE95 (99% kusefa kunyatsoshanda), PFE95 (99% kusefa kunyatsoita), KN90 (90% kusefa kunyatsoita).
Kunyatsogadzirwa
Masks ekuvhiya ekurapa anowanzo gadzirwa nemateru matatu ejira risiri rakarukwa. Iyo midziyo ndeye spunbond isiri-yakarukwa jira+yakanyungudika isina-yakarukwa jira+spunbond jira risiri rakarukwa. Mafupi mafiber anogona zvakare kushandiswa muchikamu chimwe kuvandudza kuumbwa kweganda, kureva ES inopisa-yakakungurutswa isina-yakarukwa jira+yakanyungudika isina-yakarukwa jira+spunbond jira risiri rakarukwa. Iyo yekunze dhizaini yemasiki yakagadzirirwa kudzivirira madonhwe, iyo yepakati layer inosefa, uye ndangariro inotora unyoro. Meltblown machira anowanzo kusarudzwa kuyera 20 gramu.
Iyo N95 mukombe mhando mask inoumbwa netsono yakaroverwa donje, jira rakanyungudika, uye jira risiri rakarukwa. Mucheka wakanyunguduka kazhinji unorema magiramu makumi mana kana kutopfuura, uye nehupamhi hwetsono yakaroverwa donje, inotaridzika yakakora kupfuura masikisi akapfava pakuonekwa, uye kudzivirira kwayo kunogona kusvika 95%.
Zvikamu zvinoverengeka zvemasiki hazvina kutaurwa muyero yenyika GB/T 32610 yemasiki. Kana iri mask yekurapa, inofanirwa kunge iine mitsara mitatu, inova yatinodaidza kuti SMS (2 zvidimbu zveS layer uye 1 layer yeM layer). Parizvino, nhamba yepamusoro yezvikamu muChina i5, inova SMMMS (2 zvidimbu zveS layer uye 3 zvidimbu zveM layer). Hazvina kuoma kugadzira masiki, asi zvakaoma kugadzira jira reSMMMS. Mutengo wemidziyo yejira isina kuruka inotengwa kunze kwenyika inodarika zana remamiriyoni eyuan.
Iyo S pano inomiririra spunbond layer, iyo ine dhayamita yakakora faibha dhayamita inosvika 20 micrometers (μ m). Iwo maviri-layer Sspunbond layerinonyanya kutsigira iyo yese isiri-yakarukwa jira chimiro uye haina yakakosha mhedzisiro pane inovharira zvivakwa.
Iyo inonyanya kukosha mukati me mask ndiyo inovharidzira layer kana meltblown layer M. Fiber diameter ye meltblown layer inenge yakatetepa, yakapoteredza 2 micrometers (μ m), saka inongova chikamu chimwe chete chegumi chechidimbu che spunbond layer. Izvi zvinoita basa rakakosha kudzivirira utachiona neropa kupinda.
Kana paine akawanda S spunbond akaturikidzana, iyo mask inozooma, nepo kana paine akawanda M meltblown layers, kufema kunozonyanya kuoma. Nokudaro, kuoma kwekufema mumasikisi kunogona kushandiswa kutonga maitiro ayo ega. Kunyanya kuoma kufema, zviri nani kuita kwega. Nekudaro, kana iyo M layer ikava firimu rakatetepa, harisi kufema, uye mavhairasi akavharika, asi vanhu havagone kufema. Saka, iyi zvakare inyaya yehunyanzvi.
Kuti tinyatso kuenzanisira nyaya yacho, tichaenzanisa spunbond layer S faibha, meltblown layer M fiber, uye bvudzi mumufananidzo unotevera. Kune bvudzi rine dhayamita ye1/3, riri pedyo ne spunbond layer fiber, nepo kune bvudzi rine dhayamita ye 1/30, riri pedyo ne meltblown layer M fiber. Ehe, vaongorori vachiri kugadzira mafiber akakwenenzverwa kuti ave nechokwadi cheantibacterial uye zvipingamupinyi zviri nani.
Sezvambotaurwa, iyo yakatsetseka iyo M layer, iyo yakawanda inogona kuvhara kupinda kwezvimedu zvidiki senge mabhakitiriya. Semuenzaniso, N95 inoreva kugona kuvhara 95% yezvimedu zvidiki (0.3 microns) pasi pemamiriro akajairwa. Zvinoenderana neyakajairwa yenyika GB/T 19083 yemasiki ekudzivirira ekurapa, kusefa kwemask kwezvisina mafuta zvimedu zvinosangana nezvinodiwa patafura pazasi pakuyerera kwegasi re85L/min.
Tafura 1: Kusefa Mazinga eMedical Protective Masks
Kubva pane tsananguro iri pamusoro, N95 inonyatso 5-layer mask yakagadzirwa ne polypropylene isina-yakarukwa jira SMMMS inogona kusefa makumi mapfumbamwe neshanu muzana ezvimedu zvakanaka.
Dongguan Liansheng Non woven Technology Co., Ltd.yakavambwa muna Chivabvu 2020. Ibhizimusi rekugadzira jira rakakura risingarukwe rinobatanidza tsvakiridzo nekusimudzira, kugadzira, uye kutengesa. Inogona kuburitsa mavara akasiyana-siyana ePP spunbond machira asiri akarukwa ane hupamhi husingasviki 3.2 metres kubva pa9 gramu kusvika 300 magiramu.
Nguva yekutumira: Oct-18-2024