Enkosi ngokundwendwela i-Nature.com. Inguqulelo yesikhangeli oyisebenzisayo inenkxaso enyiniweyo yeCSS. Ngeziphumo ezingcono, sicebisa ukuba usebenzise inguqulelo entsha yesikhangeli sakho (okanye ucime imo ehambelanayo kwi-Internet Explorer). Okwangoku, ukuqinisekisa inkxaso eqhubekayo, sibonisa indawo ngaphandle kwesitayile okanye iJavaScript.
Namhlanje, amalaphu asebenzayo aneempawu ze-antibacterial zithandwa kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuveliswa kwexabiso eliphantsi kweendwangu ezisebenzayo kunye nokusebenza okuzinzileyo kunye nokuhambelanayo kuhlala kungumngeni. I-Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) yayisetyenziselwa ukuguqula i-polypropylene (PP) ilaphu elingenayo i-nonwoven, kwaye emva koko i-nanoparticles yesilivere (i-AgNPs) ifakwe kwi-situ ukuvelisa i-PVA-modified AgNPs-loaded PP (ebizwa ngokuba yi-AgNPs). /PVA/PP) ilaphu. I-encapsulation ye-PP fibers usebenzisa i-PVA yokugquma inceda ekuphuculeni kakhulu ukunamathela kwe-Ag NPs elayishiweyo kwi-fibers ye-PP, kunye ne-Ag / PVA / PP nonwovens ibonisa ukuphuculwa kakhulu kweempawu zomatshini kunye nokuchasana ne-Escherichia coli (ebizwa ngokuba yi-E. coli). Ngokubanzi, ilaphu ye-Ag/PVA/PP engalukwanga eveliswe kwi-30mM yesilivere yeammonia yoxinaniso ineempawu ezingcono zoomatshini, kwaye izinga lokhuseleko lwe-antibacterial ngokuchasene ne-E. coli lifikelela kwi-99.99%. Ilaphu lisagcina umsebenzi obalaseleyo wokulwa ne-antibacterial emva kokuhlamba kwe-40 kwaye inamandla okusetyenziswa ngokuphindaphindiweyo. Ukongeza, ilaphu le-Ag/PVA/PP elingalukwanga linethuba elibanzi lokusebenzisa kwishishini ngenxa yokungena komoya kakuhle kunye nokunyakama. Ukongeza, siye saphuhlisa itekhnoloji ye-roll-to-roll kwaye senza uphononongo lwangaphambili ukuvavanya ukufaneleka kwale ndlela.
Ngokukhula koqoqosho lwehlabathi, iintshukumo ezinkulu zabemi ziye zawandisa kakhulu amathuba okusasazeka kwentsholongwane, nto leyo echaza kakuhle ukuba kutheni inoveli coronavirus inamandla angaka okusasazeka kwihlabathi jikelele kwaye kunzima ukuyithintela1,2,3. Ngaloo ndlela, kukho imfuneko engxamisekileyo yokuphuhlisa izinto ezintsha zokulwa ne-antibacterial, ezifana ne-polypropylene (PP) i-nonwovens, njengezinto ezikhuselayo zonyango. Ilaphu le-polypropylene elingalukiweyo lineenzuzo zokuxinana okuphantsi, ukungazinzi kweekhemikhali kunye neendleko eziphantsi4, kodwa ayinaso isakhono sokulwa ne-antibacterial, ubomi obufutshane benkonzo kunye nokusebenza okuphantsi kokhuseleko. Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukunika iipropathi zokulwa ne-antibacterial kwizixhobo zePP ezingalukwanga.
Njenge-arhente yamandulo yokulwa ne-antibacterial, isilivere idlule kwizigaba ezintlanu zophuhliso: isisombululo sesilivere se-colloidal, i-sulfadiazine yesilivere, ityuwa yesilivere, i-protein yesilivere kunye ne-nanosilver. I-nanoparticles yesilivere isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinkalo ezifana neyeza5,6, conductivity7,8,9, i-Raman eyandisiweyo yokusabalalisa10,11,12, ukuthotywa kwe-catalytic yedayi13,14,15,16 njl ekuchaseni kwabo okufunekayo kwebhaktheriya, ukuzinza, ixabiso eliphantsi kunye nokwamkelwa kokusingqongileyo17,18,19. Ukongeza, ii-nanoparticles zesilivere ezinommandla omkhulu ocacileyo kunye nomsebenzi ophezulu wokulwa ne-antibacterial unokudityaniswa kwiilaphu zoboya20, amalaphu e-cotton21,22, amalaphu e-polyester kunye namanye amalaphu ukuphumeza ukukhutshwa okulawulwayo, okuqhubekayo kweengqungquthela zesilivere ze-antibacterial23,24. Oku kuthetha ukuba ngokufaka i-AgNPs, kunokwenzeka ukwenza iingubo ze-PP ezinomsebenzi we-antibacterial. Nangona kunjalo, i-PP nonwovens ayinamaqela asebenzayo kwaye ine-polarity ephantsi, engabandakanyi ukufakwa kwe-AgNPs. Ukoyisa le ntsilelo, abanye abaphandi baye bazama ukufaka i-Ag nanoparticles kumphezulu welaphu le-PP besebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuguqula kubandakanya ukutshiza i-plasma26,27, i-radiation grafting28,29,30,31 kunye ne-surface coating32. Ngokomzekelo, uGoli et al. [33] yazisa i-protein yokwambathisa kumphezulu we-PP yelaphu elingaphothiweyo, i-amino acids kwi-periphery yeprotein layer inokusebenza njengeendawo ze-anchor zokubopha i-AgNPs, ngaloo ndlela ifezekisa iipropati ezintle zokulwa ne-antibacterial. umsebenzi. U-Li kunye nabasebenzi be-34 bafumanisa ukuba i-N-isopropylacrylamide kunye ne-N-(3-aminopropyl) i-methacrylamide hydrochloride exhunyelelwe yi-ultraviolet (UV) etching ibonise umsebenzi onamandla we-antimicrobial, nangona inkqubo ye-UV etching iyinkimbinkimbi kwaye inokunciphisa iimpawu zomatshini. imicu. . U-Oliani et al ulungiselele iifilimu zejeli ze-Ag NPs-PP ezinomsebenzi ogqwesileyo wokulwa ne-antibacterial ngokwenza kwangaphambili iPP ecocekileyo nge-gamma irradiation; nangona kunjalo, indlela yabo yayintsonkothile. Ke, kuhlala kungumngeni ukuvelisa ngokufanelekileyo nangokulula ii-polypropylene nonwovens ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe kunye nomsebenzi ofunekayo wokulwa neentsholongwane.
Kule sifundo, i-polyvinyl alcohol, i-membrane ehambelana nokusingqongileyo kunye nexabiso eliphantsi kunye nekhono elihle lokwenza ifilimu, i-hydrophilicity ephezulu, kunye nokuzinza okugqwesileyo ngokomzimba kunye neekhemikhali, isetyenziselwa ukuguqula amalaphu e-polypropylene. IGlucose isetyenziswa njenge arhente yokunciphisa36. Ukunyuka kwamandla angaphezulu kwePP elungisiweyo kukhuthaza ukubekwa okukhethiweyo kwe-AgNPs. Xa kuthelekiswa nelaphu elicocekileyo lePP, ilaphu le-Ag / PVA / PP elilungisiweyo libonisa ukuphinda lisetyenziswe kakuhle, umsebenzi ogqwesileyo wokulwa ne-antibacterial ngokuchasene ne-E. coli, iipropathi ezilungileyo zomatshini nangemva kokujikeleza kwe-40 yokuhlamba, kunye nokuphefumla okubalulekileyo, isondo kunye nokungena kwamanzi.
Ilaphu lePP nonwoven kunye nobunzima obuthile be-25 g / m2 kunye nobukhulu be-0.18 mm bubonelelwe nguJiyuan Kang'an Sanitary Materials Co., Ltd. (Jiyuan, China) kwaye banqunyulwa kumaphepha alinganisa i-5 × 5 cm2. ISilver nitrate (99.8%; AR) yathengwa kwiXilong Scientific Co., Ltd. (Shantou, China). IGlucose yathengwa kwiFuzhou Neptune Fuyao Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (Fuzhou, China). Utywala bePolyvinyl (i-reagent yebakala lemizi-mveliso) yathengwa kwi-Tianjin Sitong Chemical Factory (Tianjin, China). Amanzi adityanisiweyo ayesetyenziswa njengenyibilikisi okanye ukuhlamba kwaye alungiswa kwibhubhoratri yethu. I-agar yezondlo kunye nomhluzi zathengwa eBeijing Aoboxing Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). I-E. coli strain (ATCC 25922) yathengwa kwiNkampani yaseZhangzhou Bochuang (Zhangzhou, China).
Isiphumo se-PP izicubu zahlanjwa nge-ultrasound kwi-ethanol imizuzu eyi-15. I-PVA ebangelwayo yongezwa emanzini kwaye ishushu kwi-95 ° C kwiiyure ze-2 ukufumana isisombululo samanzi. Emva koko i-glucose yachithwa kwi-10 ml yesisombululo se-PVA kunye neqhekeza elikhulu le-0.1%, i-0.5%, i-1.0% kunye ne-1.5%. Indwangu ecocekileyo ye-polypropylene nonwoven ifakwe kwisisombululo se-PVA / i-glucose kwaye ishushu kwi-60 ° C ngeyure eli-1. Emva kokuba ukufudumala kugqityiwe, i-PP-impregnated ye-nonwoven fabric ikhutshwe kwisisombululo se-PVA / glucose kwaye yomiswe kwi-60 ° C kwi-0.5 h ukwenza ifilimu ye-PVA ebusweni bewebhu, ngaloo ndlela ifumana i-PVA / PP edibeneyo. impahla.
ISilver nitrate inyibilika kwi-10 ml yamanzi ngokushukumisa rhoqo kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi kwaye i-ammonia yongezwa ngokwehla de isisombululo sitshintshe ukusuka kucace ukuya kumdaka kwaye sicace kwakhona ukufumana isisombululo sesilivere seammonia (5-90 mM). Beka i-PVA / PP i-laphu e-nonwoven kwisisombululo se-ammonia yesilivere kwaye uyifudumeze kwi-60 ° C ngeyure eli-1 ukuze wenze i-Ag nanoparticles kwi-situ kumphezulu wengubo, uze uyihlambulule ngamanzi kathathu kwaye uyomise kwi-60 ° C. C nge-0.5 h ukufumana ilaphu elihlanganisiweyo le-Ag/PVA/PP.
Emva kovavanyo lokuqala, sakha izixhobo zokuqengqeleka-to-roll kwilabhoratri yokuvelisa amalaphu adibeneyo. Iirola zenziwe nge-PTFE ukunqanda ukusabela okungalunganga kunye nokungcoliseka. Ngethuba le nkqubo, ixesha lokukhulelwa kunye nobungakanani besisombululo se-adsorbed sinokulawulwa ngokuhlengahlengisa isantya se-roller kunye nomgama phakathi kwee-roller ukufumana i-Ag / PVA / PP efunekayo ye-composite fabric.
I-tissue surface morphology yaphononongwa kusetyenziswa i-VEGA3 scanning electron microscope (SEM; Japan Electronics, Japan) kumbane okhawulezayo we-5 kV. Isakhiwo sekristal ye-nanoparticles yesilivere yahlalutywa yi-X-ray diffraction (XRD; Bruker, D8 Advanced, eJamani; Cu Kα radiation, λ = 0.15418 nm; i-voltage: 40 kV, okwangoku: 40 mA) kuluhlu lwe-10-80 °. 2θ. I-Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (ATR-FTIR; Nicolet 170sx, Thermo Fisher Scientific Incorporation) yasetyenziselwa ukuhlalutya iimpawu zeekhemikhali zelaphu le-polypropylene eliguqulwe umphezulu. Umxholo wesilungisi we-PVA we-Ag/PVA/PP amalaphu ahlanganisiweyo ulinganiswe ngohlalutyo lwe-thermogravimetric (TGA; Mettler Toledo, Switzerland) phantsi komjelo wenitrogen. I-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS, ELAN DRC II, Perkin-Elmer (Hong Kong) Co., Ltd.) isetyenziswe ukumisela umxholo wesilivere we-Ag/PVA/PP amalaphu adibeneyo.
Ukunyanzeliswa komoya kunye nesantya sokuhambisa umphunga wamanzi we-Ag / PVA / PP yendwangu edibeneyo (inkcazo: 78 × 50cm2) ilinganiswe yi-arhente yokuvavanya umntu wesithathu (i-Tianfangbiao Standardization Certification and Testing Co., Ltd.) ngokuhambelana ne-GB / T. 5453-1997 kunye ne-GB/T 12704.2-2009. Kwisampula nganye, amanqaku alishumi ahlukeneyo akhethiweyo ukuba avavanywe, kwaye idatha enikezelwe yi-arhente yi-avareji yamanqaku alishumi.
Umsebenzi we-antibacterial we-Ag / PVA / PP wendwangu edibeneyo ulinganiswe ngokuhambelana nemigangatho yaseTshayina i-GB / T 20944.1-2007 kunye ne-GB / T 20944.3- usebenzisa i-agar plate diffusion method (uhlalutyo lomgangatho) kunye nendlela yokugubha i-flask (uhlalutyo lobungakanani). . ngokulandelelanayo ngo-2008. Umsebenzi we-antibacterial we-Ag/PVA/PP ilaphu elihlanganisiweyo elichasene ne-Escherichia coli limiselwe ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo okuhlamba. Kwindlela ye-agar plate diffusion, uvavanyo lwe-Ag / PVA / PP oludibeneyo lufakwe kwi-disk (ububanzi: 8 mm) usebenzisa i-punch kwaye ifakwe kwi-agar Petri dish inoculated nge-Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922). ; 3.4 × 108 CFU ml-1) kwaye emva koko ifakwe kwi-37 ° C kunye ne-56% yokufuma malunga neeyure ezingama-24. Ummandla wokuthintela uhlalutywe ngokuthe nkqo ukusuka kumbindi wediski ukuya kwisangqa sangaphakathi seekoloni ezijikelezileyo. Ukusebenzisa indlela ye-flask ye-shake, i-2 × 2 cm2 iplate ye-flat yalungiswa ukusuka kwi-Ag / PVA / PP edibeneyo yovavanyo lwelaphu kunye ne-autoclaved kwindawo yomhluzi kwi-121 ° C kunye ne-0.1 MPa imizuzu engama-30. Emva kwe-autoclaving, isampuli ifakwe kwi-flask ye-5-mL Erlenmeyer equkethe i-70 mL yesisombululo senkcubeko yomhluzi (i-concentration yokumisa i-1 × 105-4 × 105 CFU / mL) kwaye emva koko ifakwe kwi-oscillating ye-150 ° C. rpm kunye ne-25 ° C kwiiyure ze-18. Emva kokugubha, qokelela inani elithile lokumiswa kwebhaktheriya kwaye uyihlambulule kalishumi. Ukuqokelela inani elifunekayo lokumiswa kwebhaktheriya ehlanjululweyo, usasaze kwi-agar medium kunye nenkcubeko kwi-37 ° C kunye ne-56% yomswakama ohambelana neeyure ezingama-24. Ifomula yokubala ukusebenza kwe-antibacterial yile: \(\frac{\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{A}}{\mathrm{C}}\cdot 100\%\), apho i-C kunye ne-A inani lamakholoni emva kweeyure ezingama-24, ngokulandelanayo. Ukulinywa kwiqela lolawulo kunye ne-Ag / PVA / PP izicubu ezidibeneyo.
Ukuqina kwe-Ag/PVA/PP amalaphu adibeneyo ahlolwe ngokuhlamba ngokwe-ISO 105-C10:2006.1A. Ngexesha lokuhlamba, cwilisa uvavanyo lwe-Ag / PVA / PP yendwangu edibeneyo (30x40mm2) kwisisombululo samanzi esine-detergent yorhwebo (5.0g / L) kwaye uhlambe kwi-40± 2 rpm kunye ne-40± 5 rpm / min. isantya esiphezulu. °C 10, 20, 30, 40 kunye nemijikelo ye-50. Emva kokuhlamba, ingubo ihlanjululwe kathathu ngamanzi kwaye yomiswe kwiqondo lokushisa lama-50-60 ° C imizuzu engama-30. Utshintsho kumxholo wesilivere emva kokuhlamba kulinganiswe ukumisela iqondo lomsebenzi we-antibacterial.
Umzobo we-1 ubonisa umzobo oqingqiweyo wokwenziwa kwelaphu elihlanganisiweyo le-Ag/PVA/PP. Oko kukuthi, izinto zePP ezingabonakaliyo zibhaptizwe kwisisombululo esixubileyo sePVA kunye neglucose. I-PP-impregnated non-woven material yomiswa ukulungisa isilungisi kunye ne-arhente yokunciphisa ukwenza umaleko wokutywina. Ilaphu elomileyo le-polypropylene nonwoven lintywiliselwa kwisisombululo sesilivere se-ammonia ukufaka i-nanoparticles yesilivere kwindawo. Ukuxinwa kwesilungisi, umlinganiselo we-molar we-glucose ukuya kwi-ammonia yesilivere, ukuxinwa kwe-ammonia yesilivere kunye nobushushu bokusabela buchaphazela imvula ye-Ag NPs. zizinto ezibalulekileyo. Umzobo we-2a ubonisa ukuxhomekeka kwe-angle yoqhagamshelwano lwamanzi ye-Ag / PVA / PP yendwangu kwi-concentration concentration. Xa i-concentration ye-modifier inyuka ukusuka kwi-0.5 wt.% ukuya kwi-1.0 wt.%, i-angle yoqhagamshelwano ye-Ag / PVA / PP yendwangu iyancipha kakhulu; xa ugxininiso lwesilungisi lunyuka ukusuka kwi-1.0 wt.% ukuya kwi-2.0 wt.%, alutshintshi. Umzobo we-2 b ubonisa imifanekiso ye-SEM yeefayili ze-PP ezicocekileyo kunye ne-Ag / PVA / PP iingubo ezilungiselelwe kwi-50 mM yesilivere ye-ammonia yoxinaniso kunye nemilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo ye-molar ye-glucose kwi-ammonia yesilivere (1: 1, 3: 1, 5: 1, kunye ne-9: 1). . umfanekiso. ). Isiphumo se-PP fiber sithe tye. Emva kwe-encapsulation kunye nefilimu ye-PVA, ezinye iifayili zihlanganiswe kunye; Ngenxa yokubekwa kwe-nanoparticles yesilivere, iifibers ziba rhabaxa. Njengoko umlinganiselo we-molar we-agent yokunciphisa kwi-glucose ukwandisa, i-deposit layer ye-Ag NPs iyancipha ngokuthe ngcembe, kwaye njengoko umlinganiselo we-molar unyuka ukuya kwi-5: 1 kunye ne-9: 1, i-Ag NP ijwayele ukwenza i-aggregates. Imifanekiso ye-Macroscopic kunye ne-microscopic ye-PP fiber iba yinto efanayo ngakumbi, ngakumbi xa umlinganiselo we-molar we-agent yokunciphisa kwi-glucose ngu-5: 1. Iifoto zedijithali zeesampulu ezihambelanayo ezifunyenwe kwi-50 mM yesilivere ye-ammonia iboniswe kwi-Figure S1.
Utshintsho kwi-angle yoqhagamshelwano lwamanzi ye-Ag / PVA / PP indwangu kwiimpawu ze-PVA ezahlukeneyo (a), imifanekiso ye-SEM ye-Ag / PVA / PP yendwangu efunyenwe kwi-concentration yesilivere ye-ammonia ye-50 mM kunye nemilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo ye-molar ye-glucose kunye ne-ammonia yesilivere [(b))); (1) i-PP fiber, (2) i-PVA / PP ifayibha, (3) i-molar ratio 1: 1, (4) i-molar ratio 3: 1, (5) i-molar ratio 5: 1, (6) i-molar ratio 9: 1], i-X-ray diffraction pattern (c) kunye nomfanekiso we-SEM (d) we-Ag / PVA / PP yelaphu efunyenwe kwi-silver 0, i-ammonia ye-1M, i-m5 m5 (3) 30 mM, (4) 50 mM , (5) 90 mM kunye (6) Ag/PP-30 mM. Ubushushu bokusabela yi-60°C.
Kumfanekiso we-2c ubonisa ipateni ye-X-ray ye-diffraction yesiphumo se-Ag / PVA / PP ilaphu. Ukongeza kwi-peak ye-diffraction ye-PP fiber 37, iincopho ezine ze-diffraction kwi-2θ = ~ 37.8 °, 44.2 °, 64.1 ° kunye ne-77.3 ° zihambelana (1 1 1), (2 0 0), (2 2 0), i-Crystal plane (3 cubic silver face-cent. Njengoko i-concentration yesilivere ye-ammonia inyuka ukusuka kwi-5 ukuya kwi-90 mM, iipatheni ze-XRD ze-Ag ziba bukhali, zihambelana nokunyuka okulandelayo kwe-crystallinity. Ngokutsho kwefomula ye-Scherrer, ubukhulu beenkozo ze-Ag nanoparticles ezilungiselelwe nge-10 mM, 30 mM kunye ne-50 mM yesilivere ye-ammonia zibalwa zibe yi-21.3 nm, 23.3 nm kunye ne-26.5 nm, ngokulandelanayo. Oku kungenxa yokuba isilivere ye-ammonia yoxinaniso yeyona nto iqhubayo emva kokusabela kokunciphisa ukwenza isilivere yesinyithi. Ngoxinzelelo olukhulayo lwesilivere ye-ammonia, izinga le-nucleation kunye nokukhula kwe-Ag NPs liyenyuka. Umzobo we-2d ubonisa imifanekiso ye-SEM yeendwangu ze-Ag / PVA / PP ezifunyenwe kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ze-Ag ammonia. Kwi-concentration yesilivere ye-ammonia ye-30 mM, umaleko ogciniweyo we-Ag NPs ulingana ne-homogeneous. Nangona kunjalo, xa isilivere ye-ammonia yoxinaniso iphezulu kakhulu, ukufana kwe-Ag NP deposition layer ithande ukuhla, enokuthi ibe ngenxa ye-agglomeration eqinile kwi-Ag NP deposition layer. Ukongeza, i-nanoparticles yesilivere kumphezulu inemilo emibini: i-spherical kunye ne-scaly. Ubungakanani be-particle spherical malunga ne-20-80 nm, kwaye ubukhulu becala le-lamellar bumalunga ne-100-300 nm (Umfanekiso S2). I-deposition layer ye-Ag nanoparticles kumphezulu welaphu le-PP elingalungiswanga alilingani. Ukongeza, ukunyusa izinga lokushisa kukhuthaza ukuncitshiswa kwe-Ag NPs (Umfanekiso we-S3), kodwa ubushushu obuphezulu kakhulu bokusabela akukhuthazi imvula ekhethiweyo ye-Ag NPs.
Umzobo we-3a ubonisa ngokucwangcisiweyo ubudlelwane phakathi kwe-concentration yesilivere ye-ammonia, isixa sesilivere egciniweyo, kunye nomsebenzi we-antibacterial we-Ag / PVA / PP elungiselelwe ilaphu. Umzobo we-3b ubonisa iipatheni ze-antibacterial zeesampuli kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zesilivere ze-ammonia, ezinokubonisa ngokuthe ngqo isimo se-antibacterial seesampuli. Xa i-concentration yesilivere ye-ammonia inyuke ukusuka kwi-5 mM ukuya kwi-90 mM, isixa semvula yesilivere yanda ukusuka kwi-13.67 g / kg ukuya kwi-481.81 g / kg. Ukongeza, njengoko isixa sesilivere sinyuka, umsebenzi we-antibacterial ngokuchasene ne-E. coli uqala ukwanda kwaye emva koko uhlala kwinqanaba eliphezulu. Ngokukodwa, xa i-concentration yesilivere ye-ammonia yi-30 mM, isixa se-deposition yesilivere kwisiphumo se-Ag/PVA/PP ilaphu yi-67.62 g/kg, kwaye izinga le-antibacterial yi-99.99%. kwaye ukhethe le sampuli njengommeli wophawu olulandelayo lwesakhiwo.
(a) Ubudlelwane phakathi kwenqanaba lomsebenzi we-antibacterial kunye nomthamo we-Ag layer esetyenzisiweyo kunye nokuxinwa kwesilivere yeammonia; (b) Iifoto ze-bacterial Culture plates ezithathwe ngekhamera yedijithali ebonisa iisampuli ezingenanto kunye neesampuli ezilungiselelwe kusetyenziswa i-5 mM, 10 mM, 30 mM, 50 mM kunye ne-90 mM yesilivere ammonia. Umsebenzi we-Antibacterial we-Ag / PVA / PP ilaphu ngokuchasene ne-Escherichia coli
Umzobo we-4a ubonisa i-FTIR / ATR ye-spectra ye-PP, i-PVA / PP, i-Ag / PP kunye ne-Ag / PVA / PP. Iibhanti zokufunxa ze-PP fiber ecocekileyo kwi-2950 cm-1 kunye ne-2916 cm-1 zibangelwa i-asymmetric stretching vibration ye -CH3 kunye -CH2-amaqela, kunye ne-2867 cm-1 kunye ne-2837 cm-1 ngenxa ye-symmetric stretching vibration of -CH3 kunye -CH2. –CH3 kunye –CH2–. Iibhendi zokufunxa kwi-1375 cm-1 kunye ne-1456 cm-1 zibalelwa kwi-asymmetric kunye ne-symmetric shift vibrations -CH338.39. I-spectrum ye-FTIR ye-Ag / PP fiber ifana ne-PP fiber. Ukongeza kwibhendi ye-absorption ye-PP, i-peak entsha ye-absorption kwi-3360 cm-1 ye-PVA / PP kunye neendwangu ze-Ag / PVA / PP zibangelwa ukunweba kwe-hydrogen bond yeqela -OH. Oku kubonisa ukuba i-PVA isetyenziswe ngempumelelo kumphezulu we-polypropylene fiber. Ukongeza, incopho yokufunxa i-hydroxyl yelaphu ye-Ag/PVA/PP ibuthathaka kancinci kunelaphu le-PVA/PP, elinokuba ngenxa yokulungelelaniswa kwamaqela athile e-hydroxyl ngesilivere.
I-spectrum ye-FT-IR (a), i-TGA curve (b) kunye ne-XPS yokulinganisa i-spectrum (c) ye-PP ecocekileyo, ilaphu le-PVA / PP kunye ne-Ag / PVA / PP ilaphu, kunye ne-C 1s ye-spectrum ye-PP ecocekileyo (d), ilaphu le-PVA / PP PP (e) kunye ne-Ag 3d incopho (f) yelaphu ye-Ag/PVA/PP.
Umzobo we-4c ubonisa i-XPS spectra ye-PP, i-PVA / PP, kunye ne-Ag / PVA / PP iingubo. Isiginali ye-O 1s ebuthathaka yefiber ecocekileyo yepolypropylene inokunxulunyaniswa ne-oxygen element adsorbed on the surface; i-C 1s peak kwi-284.6 eV ibangelwa yi-CH kunye ne-CC (jonga uMzobo 4d). Xa kuthelekiswa ne-PP fiber ecocekileyo, i-PVA / PP ilaphu (umzobo 4e) ubonisa ukusebenza okuphezulu kwi-284.6 eV (C-C / C-H), 285.6 eV (C-O-H), 284.6 eV (C-C / C-H), 285.6 eV (C-O-H) kunye ne-288-H = 38-H = 388. Ukongezelela, i-spectrum ye-O 1s ye-PVA / PP yendwangu inokuqikelelwa ngamanqanaba amabini kwi-532.3 eV kunye ne-533.2 eV41 (umzobo we-S4), ezi ziphezulu ze-C 1 zihambelana ne-C-OH kunye ne-H-C = O (amaqela e-hydroxyl e-PVA kunye neqela le-glucose ye-aldehyde), ehambelana nedatha ye-FTIR. Ilaphu le-Ag / PVA / PP elingenayo i-nonwoven ligcina i-O 1s spectrum ye-C-OH (532.3 eV) kunye ne-HC = O (533.2 eV) (Umfanekiso we-S5), equkethe i-65.81% (ipesenti ze-atomic) C, 22. 89. % O kunye ne-11.31% ye-Ag. Ngokukodwa, iincopho ze-Ag 3d5 / 2 kunye ne-Ag 3d3 / 2 kwi-368.2 eV kunye ne-374.2 eV (i-Fig. 4f) iphinda ibonise ukuba i-Ag NPs i-doped ebusweni be-PVA / PP42 ye-nonwoven fabric.
Iingqungquthela ze-TGA (umzobo 4b) we-PP ecocekileyo, i-Ag / i-PP yendwangu, kunye ne-Ag / PVA / i-PP yendwangu ibonisa ukuba zifumana iinkqubo ezifanayo zokubola kwe-thermal, kunye nokubekwa kwe-Ag NPs kukhokelela ekunyuseni okuncinci kwiqondo lokushisa lokunciphisa i-thermal ye-PP. iifiber PVA / PP fibers (ukusuka kwi-480 ° C (i-PP fibers) ukuya kwi-495 ° C), mhlawumbi ngenxa yokuqulunqwa kwe-Ag barrier43. Ngexesha elifanayo, iimali ezishiyekileyo zeesampuli ezicocekileyo ze-PP, i-Ag / PP, i-Ag / PVA / PP, i-Ag / PVA / PP-W50 kunye ne-Ag / PP-W50 emva kokufudumeza kwi-800 ° C yayiyi-1.32%, 16.26% kunye ne-13. 86%. I-% ngokulandelelanayo i-9.88% kunye ne-2.12% (isimamva esithi W50 apha sibhekiselele kwimijikelo engama-50 yokuhlamba). Intsalela yePP ecocekileyo ibangelwa ukungcola, kwaye intsalela yeesampuli eziseleyo kwi-Ag NPs, kwaye umehluko kwixabiso eliseleyo leesampuli ezilayishwe ngesilivere kufuneka libe ngenxa yeemali ezahlukeneyo ze-nanoparticles zesilivere ezilayishwe kuzo. Ukongezelela, emva kokuhlamba iingubo ze-Ag / PP ngamaxesha angama-50, umxholo wesilivere oseleyo wancitshiswa ngu-94.65%, kwaye umxholo wesilivere oseleyo we-Ag / PVA / PP wendwangu wancitshiswa malunga ne-31.74%. Oku kubonisa ukuba i-PVA encapsulating coating inokuphucula ngokufanelekileyo ukunamathela kwe-AgNPs kwi-matrix yePP.
Ukuvavanya induduzo yokunxiba, ukunyanzeliswa komoya kunye nesantya sokuhambisa umphunga wamanzi welaphu le-polypropylene elilungisiweyo lilinganisiwe. Xa sithetha ngokubanzi, ukuphefumla kunxulumene nentuthuzelo yobushushu bomsebenzisi, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezishushu nezifumileyo44. Njengoko kuboniswe kwi-Figure 5a, ukunyanzeliswa komoya kwePP ecocekileyo yi-2050 mm / s, kwaye emva kokuguqulwa kwe-PVA kuncipha kwi-856 mm / s. Oku kungenxa yokuba ifilimu ye-PVA eyenziwe kumphezulu we-PP fiber kunye nenxalenye ephothiweyo inceda ukunciphisa izithuba phakathi kweentsinga. Emva kokufaka i-Ag NPs, ukunyanzeliswa komoya kwelaphu le-PP kwanda ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwe-PVA yokugqoka xa usebenzisa i-Ag NPs. Ukongeza, ukuphefumla kwamalaphu e-Ag/PVA/PP kuthanda ukuhla njengoko i-concentration yesilivere ye-ammonia inyuka ukusuka kwi-10 ukuya kwi-50 mmol. Oku kunokuba ngenxa yokuba ubukhulu bediphozithi yesilivere buyanda ngokunyuka koxinzelelo lwesilivere yeammonia, enceda ukunciphisa inani leepores kunye nokuba nokwenzeka komphunga wamanzi odlula kuzo.
(a) Ukungena komoya kwiilaphu ze-Ag/PVA/PP ezilungiselelwe ngokugxininiswa kwesilivere yeammonia; (b) Ukuhanjiswa komphunga wamanzi wamalaphu e-Ag/PVA/PP alungiswe ngogxininiso olwahlukileyo lwe-ammonia yesilivere; (c) Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokulungisa Igophe le-Ag Fabric/PVA/PP efunyenwe kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo; (d) Igophe eliqinileyo le-Ag / PVA / PP ilaphu elifunyenwe kwiimpawu ezahlukeneyo ze-ammonia yesilivere (Ilaphu le-Ag / PVA / PP elifunyenwe kwi-30 mM yesilivere ye-ammonia yoxinaniso nayo ibonisiwe) (Thelekisa i-tensile curves ye-PP yamalaphu emva kwemijikelo ye-40 yokuhlamba).
Umyinge wokuhanjiswa komphunga wamanzi sesinye isalathisi esibalulekileyo se-thermal comfort of fabric45. Kuvela ukuba ukunyanzeliswa komswakama welaphu kuchaphazeleka kakhulu kukuphefumula kunye neempawu zomhlaba. Oko kukuthi, ukunyanzeliswa komoya ikakhulu kuxhomekeke kwinani lee pores; iipropathi zomphezulu zichaphazela ukunyakama kwamaqela e-hydrophilic ngokusebenzisa i-adsorption-diffusion-desorption yeemolekyuli zamanzi. Njengoko kuboniswe kwi-Figure 5b, ukunyanzeliswa komswakama we-PP fiber ecocekileyo yi-4810 g / (m2 · 24h). Emva kokutywinwa nge-PVA yokugubungela, inani lemingxuma kwi-fiber ye-PP liyancipha, kodwa ukunyanzeliswa komswakama we-PVA / PP kwendwangu kuyanda ukuya kwi-5070 g / (m2 · 24 h), ekubeni ukunyanzeliswa komswakama kunqunywe ngokukodwa kwiipropati zomhlaba. hayi imingxuma. Emva kokufakwa kwe-AgNPs, ukufumama kwelaphu le-Ag/PVA/PP kuye kwandiswa ngakumbi. Ngokukodwa, ukunyanzeliswa komswakama ophezulu we-Ag / PVA / PP yendwangu efunyenwe kwi-concentration yesilivere ye-ammonia ye-30 mM yi-10300 g / (m2 · 24h). Kwangaxeshanye, ukufuma okwahlukileyo kokungena kwamalaphu e-Ag/PVA/PP afunyenwe kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zokugxilwa kwesilivere yeammonia kunokunxulunyaniswa nomahluko kubunzima bomaleko wokubekwa kwesilivere kunye nenani leepores zalo.
Iimpawu zomatshini wamalaphu zichaphazela kakhulu ubomi babo benkonzo, ngakumbi njengezinto ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe46. Umzobo 5c ubonisa igophe loxinzelelo lwe-tensile yelaphu ye-Ag/PVA/PP. Amandla e-tensile ye-PP ecocekileyo yi-2.23 MPa kuphela, ngelixa amandla okuqina e-1 wt% i-PVA / PP indwangu yanda kakhulu ukuya kwi-4.56 MPa, ebonisa ukuba i-encapsulation ye-PVA PP yendwangu inceda ekuphuculeni kakhulu iipropati zayo zomatshini. iipropati. Amandla okuqina kunye nobude ngexesha lokuphumla kwelaphu lePVA/PP lonyuka ngokuxinana okukhulayo kwe-PVA modifier kuba ifilimu ye-PVA inokophula uxinzelelo kwaye yomeleze i-PP fiber. Nangona kunjalo, xa ugxininiso lwesilungisi lunyuka luye kwi-1.5 wt.%, i-PVA encangathi yenza ilaphu le-polypropylene libe lukhuni, nto leyo echaphazela kakhulu ukunxiba ukukhululeka.
Xa kuthelekiswa ne-PP ecocekileyo kunye ne-PVA / PP amalaphu, amandla okuqina kunye nobude kwikhefu le-Ag / PVA / PP amalaphu aphuculwe ngakumbi kuba i-Ag nanoparticles isasazwe ngokufanayo kumphezulu we-PP fibers inokuhambisa umthwalo47,48. Ingabonwa ukuba amandla okuqina e-Ag / PP fiber aphakamileyo kune-PP ecocekileyo, efikelela kwi-3.36 MPa (umzobo 5d), oqinisekisa umphumo onamandla kunye nokomeleza kwe-Ag NPs. Ngokukodwa, ilaphu le-Ag/PVA/PP eliveliswe kwi-concentration yesilivere ye-ammonia ye-30 mM (endaweni ye-50 mM) ibonisa amandla aphezulu kunye nobude obude ngexesha lekhefu, elisekho ngenxa yokubekwa okufanayo kwe-Ag NPs kunye nokufakwa okufanayo. Ukuhlanganiswa kwee-NP zesilivere phantsi kweemeko zoxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-ammonia yesilivere. Ukongezelela, emva kwemijikelezo ye-40 yokuhlamba, amandla okuqina kunye nokuphakama kwikhefu le-Ag / PVA / PP yendwangu elungiselelwe kwi-30 mM ye-ammonia yesilivere ye-concentration yehle nge-32.7% kunye ne-26.8%, ngokulandelanayo (umzobo we-5d), onokuthi udibanise nelahleko encinci ye-nanoparticles yesilivere efakwe emva koku.
Amanani 6a kunye ne-b abonisa iifoto zekhamera yedijithali ye-Ag / PVA / PP ilaphu kunye nelaphu le-Ag / PP emva kokuhlamba i-0, 10, 20, 30, 40, kunye ne-50 imijikelo kwi-30 mM yoxinaniso lwesilivere yeammonia. Ilaphu elimnyama le-Ag/PVA/PP kunye nelaphu le-Ag/PP ngokuthe ngcembe liba ngwevu emva kokuhlamba; kunye nokutshintsha kombala wokuqala ngexesha lokuhlamba akubonakali ngathi kunzulu njengaleyo yesibini. Ukongeza, xa kuthelekiswa nelaphu ye-Ag / PP, umxholo wesilivere we-Ag / PVA / PP ilaphu lehle kancinci emva kokuhlamba; emva kokuhlamba amaxesha angama-20 okanye ngaphezulu, yangaphambili igcine umxholo wesilivere ophezulu kunokugqibela (umzobo 6c). Oku kubonisa ukuba i-encapsulating PP fibers kunye ne-PVA yokugqoka inokuphucula kakhulu ukunamathela kwe-Ag NPs kwi-PP fibers. Umzobo we-6d ubonisa imifanekiso ye-SEM ye-Ag / PVA / PP yendwangu kunye ne-Ag / PP indwangu emva kokuhlamba i-10, i-40, kunye ne-50 imijikelezo. Iindwangu ze-Ag / PVA / PP zifumana ilahleko encinci ye-Ag NPs ngexesha lokuhlamba kuneendwangu ze-Ag / PP, kwakhona ngenxa yokuba i-PVA encapsulating coating inceda ukuphucula ukunamathela kwe-Ag NPs kwi-PP fibers.
(a) Iifoto zelaphu le-Ag/PP ezithathwe ngekhamera yedijithali (ethathwe kwi-30 mM silver ammonia concentration) emva kokuhlamba imijikelo ye-0, 10, 20, 30, 40 kunye ne-50 (1-6); (b) Ag/PVA/PP Iifoto zamalaphu athathwe ngekhamera yedijithali (ethathwe kwi-30 mM silver ammonia concentration) emva kokuhlamba imijikelo ye-0, 10, 20, 30, 40 kunye ne-50 (1-6); (c) Utshintsho kwisiqulatho esisisilivere kumalaphu amabini kumjikelo wokuhlamba; (d) Imifanekiso ye-SEM ye-Ag / PVA / PP ilaphu (1-3) kunye ne-Ag / PP ilaphu (4-6) emva kwe-10, 40 kunye ne-50 yokuhlamba.
Umzobo we-7 ubonisa umsebenzi we-antibacterial kunye neefoto zekhamera yedijithali ye-Ag / PVA / PP iingubo ezichasene ne-E. coli emva kwe-10, i-20, i-30 kunye ne-40 yokuhlamba imijikelezo. Emva kokuhlamba kwe-10 kunye ne-20, ukusebenza kwe-antibacterial ye-Ag / PVA / PP iingubo zahlala kwi-99.99% kunye ne-99.93%, ebonisa umsebenzi obalaseleyo wokulwa ne-antibacterial. Inqanaba le-antibacterial ye-Ag / PVA / PP yendwangu yehla kancinci emva kwe-30 kunye ne-40 amaxesha okuhlamba, okwakubangelwa ukulahlekelwa kwe-AgNPs emva kokuhlamba ixesha elide. Nangona kunjalo, izinga le-antibacterial ye-Ag / PP ilaphu emva kokuhlamba kwe-40 kuphela yi-80.16%. Kuyacaca ukuba impembelelo ye-antibacterial ye-Ag / PP ilaphu emva kwemijikelo ye-40 yokuhlamba ingaphantsi kakhulu kune-Ag / PVA / PP ilaphu.
(a) Inqanaba lomsebenzi we-antibacterial ngokumelene ne-E. coli. (b) Ukuthelekisa, iifoto zelaphu le-Ag/PVA/PP ezithathwe ngekhamera yedijithali emva kokuhlamba ilaphu le-Ag/PP kwi-30 mM yoxinaniso lwesilivere yeammonia ye-10, 20, 30, 40 kunye ne-40 imijikelezo nazo zibonisiwe.
Kumfanekiso wesi-8 ubonisa ngokucwangcisekileyo ukuveliswa kwelaphu elikhulu le-Ag/PVA/PP kusetyenziswa indlela enemigangatho emibini yokuqengqeleka. Oko kukuthi, isisombululo se-PVA / i-glucose sifakwe kwisakhelo se-roll ixesha elithile, emva koko sikhutshwe, kwaye sifakwe kwisisombululo se-ammonia yesilivere ngendlela efanayo yokufumana i-Ag / PVA / PP ilaphu. (Umfanekiso 8a). Ilaphu le-Ag/PVA/PP elinesiphumo lisawugcina umsebenzi ogqwesileyo wokulwa ne-antibacterial nokuba ishiywe unyaka omnye. Ukulungiselela ubungakanani obukhulu beempahla ze-Ag / PVA / PP, i-PP nonwovens ebangelwayo ifakwe kwinkqubo eqhubekayo yokuqengqeleka kwaye emva koko idluliselwe kwisisombululo se-PVA / i-glucose kunye nesisombululo sesilivere se-ammonia ngokulandelelana kwaye siqhutywe. iindlela ezimbini. Iividiyo ezincanyathiselwe. Ixesha lokukhulelwa lilawulwa ngokulungelelanisa isantya se-roller, kwaye ubungakanani besisombululo se-adsorbed silawulwa ngokulungelelanisa umgama phakathi kwee-roller (Umfanekiso we-8b), ngaloo ndlela ufumana i-target ye-Ag / PVA / PP ye-nonwoven yobukhulu obukhulu (50 cm × 80 cm). ) kunye ne-roller yokuqokelela. Yonke le nkqubo ilula kwaye iyasebenza, ehambelana nemveliso enkulu.
Umzobo weSchematic wemveliso yeemveliso ezijoliswe kubungakanani obukhulu (a) kunye nomzobo wesicwangciso senkqubo yokuqulunqwa kwemveliso ye-Ag/PVA/PP engalukwanga izinto (b).
Ii-nonwovens ze-PVA/PP ezineSilver ziveliswa kusetyenziswa itekhnoloji yesigaba solwelo esilula kwi-situ edityaniswe ne-roll-to-roll indlela. Xa kuthelekiswa nelaphu le-PP kunye ne-PVA / i-PP yelaphu, iipropati ze-mechanical ze-Ag / PVA / PP ze-nonwoven ezilungiselelwe ziphuculwe kakhulu ngenxa yokuba i-PVA yokutywina i-PVA inokuphucula kakhulu ukunamathela kwe-Ag NPs kwi-PP fibers. Ukongezelela, inani lokulayishwa kwe-PVA kunye nomxholo we-NP yesilivere kwi-Ag / PVA / PP yendwangu engabonakaliyo ingalawulwa kakuhle ngokulungelelanisa i-PVA / isisombululo se-glucose kunye nesisombululo se-ammonia yesilivere. Ngokukodwa, i-Ag / PVA / PP ilaphu elingenawo i-nonwoven elilungiselelwe usebenzisa i-30 mM yesilivere ye-ammonia yesilivere ibonise iimpawu ezingcono zomatshini kunye nokugcina umsebenzi obalaseleyo wokulwa ne-antibacterial ngokuchasene ne-E. coli nasemva kwemijikelo ye-40 yokuhlamba, ebonisa amandla amahle okuchasa ukungcola. Izinto zePP ezingalukwanga. Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iinkcukacha zoncwadi, amalaphu esawafumana sisebenzisa iindlela ezilula abonisa ukuba akakwazi ukuhlanjwa. Ukongeza, ilaphu le-Ag/PVA/PP elingalukwanga elinesiphumo linokufikeleleka okufanelekileyo kokufuma kunye nokunxiba intuthuzelo, enokuthi iququzelele ukusetyenziswa kwayo kwizicelo zamashishini.
Bandakanya yonke idatha efunyenweyo okanye ehlalutyiweyo ngexesha lolu phononongo (kunye neefayile zabo zolwazi ezixhasayo).
Russell, SM et al. I-Bisensors ukulwa ne-COVID-19 cytokine isaqhwithi: imiceli mngeni ezayo. I-ACS Sens. 5, 1506–1513 (2020).
Zaeem S, Chong JH, Shankaranarayanan V kunye neHarkey A. COVID-19 kunye neempendulo zamalungu amaninzi. yangoku. umbuzo. intliziyo. 45, 100618 (2020).
UZhang R, et al. Uqikelelo lwenani leemeko ze-coronavirus ngo-2019 e-China zihlengahlengiswa ngokwenqanaba kunye nemimandla ekhoyo. ngaphambili. iyeza. 14, 199–209 (2020).
Gao J. et al. I-flexible, i-superhydrophobic kunye ne-conductive ephezulu yelaphu ye-polypropylene ehlanganisiweyo yokukhusela ukuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic. Ikhemikhali. injineli. J. 364, 493-502 (2019).
URaihan M. et al. Ukuphuhliswa kweefilimu ezininzi ze-polyacrylonitrile / zesilivere ze-nanocomposite: umsebenzi we-antibacterial, umsebenzi we-catalytic, conductivity, ukukhuselwa kwe-UV kunye neenzwa ze-SERS ezisebenzayo. J. Mat. ubutyebi. ubugcisa. 9, 9380-9394 (2020).
I-Dawadi S, i-Katuwal S, i-Gupta A, i-Lamichane U kunye ne-Parajuli N. Uphando lwangoku kwi-nanoparticles yesilivere: i-synthesis, i- characterization kunye nezicelo. J. Nanomaterials. 2021, 6687290 (2021).
I-Deng Da, i-Chen Zhi, i-Hu Yong, i-Ma Jian, i-Tong YDN Inkqubo elula yokulungiselela i-inki ye-conductive esekelwe kwisilivere kwaye uyisebenzise kwiindawo ezikhethiweyo eziqhelekileyo. I-Nanotechnology 31, 105705–105705 (2019).
Hao, Y. et al. I-Hyperbranched polymers yenza ukuba kusetyenziswe i-nanoparticles yesilivere njengezizinzi zokuprintwa kwe-inkjet yeesekethe eziguquguqukayo. R. Shuker. Ikhemikhali. 43, 2797-2803 (2019).
I-Keller P kunye ne-Kawasaki HJML Uthungelwano lwe-leaf vein networks oluveliswa yi-self-assembly ye-nanoparticles yesilivere ukwenzela usetyenziso olunokwenzeka kwiinzwa eziguquguqukayo. Mat. Wright. 284, 128937.1-128937.4 (2020).
Li, J. et al. Isilivere ye-nanoparticle-ehonjiswe i-silica nanospheres kunye ne-arrays njengama-substrates anokuthi asasazeke phezulu kweRaman. ASU Omega 6, 32879–32887 (2021).
U-Liu, u-X. et al. Umphezulu omkhulu oguquguqukayo ophuculweyo we-Raman yokusabalalisa inzwa (i-SERS) kunye nokuzinza komqondiso ophezulu kunye nokufana. Isicelo se-ACS Mat. Unxibelelwano 12, 45332–45341 (2020).
Sandeep, KG et al. I-hierarchical heterostructure ye-fulerene nanorods ehlotshiswe nge-nanoparticles yesilivere (i-Ag-FNRs) isebenza njengenxalenye esebenzayo ye-SERS substrate esebenzayo. i-physics. Ikhemikhali. Ikhemikhali. i-physics. 27, 18873-18878 (2018).
Emam, HE kunye no-Ahmed, HB Uphononongo oluthelekisayo lwe-homometallic kunye ne-heterometallic agar-based nanostructures ngexesha lokuthotywa kwedayi-catalyzed. amazwe ngamazwe. J. Biol. Iimolekyuli ezinkulu. 138, 450-461 (2019).
Emam, HE, Mikhail, MM, El-Sherbiny, S., Nagy, KS kunye no-Ahmed, i-HB exhomekeke kwi-Metal-nanocatalysis yokunciphisa ukungcola okunuka kamnandi. ULwesithathu. inzululwazi. ngcolisa. ubutyebi. amazwe ngamazwe. 27, 6459-6475 (2020).
U-Ahmed HB kunye no-Emam HE Triple core-shell (Ag-Au-Pd) iinanostructures ezikhuliswe kwiimbewu kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi ukuze zikwazi ukucocwa amanzi. ipholima. uvavanyo. 89, 106720 (2020).
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-26-2023