Emva kobhubhani we-coronavirus entsha, abantu abaninzi ngakumbi baye bayiqonda indima ebalulekileyo yeemaski. Ngoko ke, olu lwazi lwenzululwazi malunga neemaski.Ngaba uyazi?
Indlela yokukhetha imaski?
Ngokwendlela yoyilo, ukuba ibekwe ngokokubaluleka kobunakho bokuzikhusela (ukusuka phezulu ukuya ezantsi): iimaski ezingama-N95> iimaski zotyando>iimaski zonyango eziqhelekileyo> iimaski zomqhaphu eziqhelekileyo.
Kwinyumoniya eyosulelwe yi-coronavirus, iimaski zonyango kunye neemaski ezinokuhluzwa kwamasuntswana angenawo ioyile ngaphezulu okanye alingana nama-95%, anje nge-N95, KN95, DS2, FFP2, anesiphumo esicacileyo sokuthintela.
Ukuhlelwa kweemaski zonyango
Okwangoku, iimaski zonyango e-China zohlulwe kakhulu zibe ziindidi ezintathu: iimaski zokhuselo lwezonyango ezinenqanaba eliphezulu lokhuseleko, iimaski zoqhaqho lwezonyango eziqhele ukusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezihlaselayo ezinje ngamagumbi okusebenza, kunye nenqanaba eliqhelekileyo lemaski zonyango.
Izinto eziphathekayo zeemaski zonyango
Sihlala sisithi iimaski zenziwe ngelaphu elingalukwanga, elilaphu elingalukwanga xa lithelekiswa nelaphu lelaphu. Iqulunqwe ngemicu ejoliswe okanye engacwangciswanga. Ngokukodwa kwiimaski, zonke izinto zazo ezikrwada ziyipolypropylene (PP), kwaye iimaski zonyango zihlala zinesakhiwo esinemigangatho emininzi, esibizwa ngokuba yiSMS.
Ulwazi lwemichiza
I-Polypropylene, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-PP, yinto eqinileyo engenambala, engenavumba, engeyotyhefu, kunye nesemi elubala eyenziwe yipolymerization yepropylene. Ifomula yemolekyuli yile – [CH2CH (CH3)] n -. I-Polypropylene isetyenziswa kakhulu kwimveliso yeefayibha ezifana nempahla kunye neengubo, izixhobo zonyango, iimoto, iibhayisekile, iinxalenye, imibhobho yokuhambisa, izikhongozeli zeekhemikhali, kwaye zikwasetyenziselwa ukupakisha ukutya kunye neziyobisi.
Ngokwembono yeimathiriyeli yemaski, i-polypropylene high melting point non-loven fabric special material ibe yeyona nto ingcono kakhulu, ukuvelisa iimveliso ze-polypropylene kunye ne-melt mass flow rate ye-33-41g / min, ukuhlangabezana nomgangatho we-sanitary polypropylene non-woven fabric.
Ilaphu elingalukwanga eliveliswe ngelaphu le-polypropylene elingalukwanga yilaphu elikhethekileyo lingasetyenziselwa igawuni zotyando ezilahlwayo, iishiti, iimaski, izigqubuthelo, iipads ezifunxa ulwelo kunye nezinye iimveliso zonyango kunye nempilo. Phakathi kwazo, iimaski ezingalukwanga zenziwe ngamalaphu amabini efayibha engalukwanga ngokukodwa esetyenziselwa iinjongo zonyango kunye nempilo, kunye nomaleko owongezelelweyo welaphu lokutshiza lokucoca kunye nefuthe le-antibacterial elingaphezulu kwe-99.999% edityaniswe embindini, edityaniswe ngamaza e-ultrasonic.
Anti virus imaski yonyango
Iimaski ezinokubonelela ngokhuseleko lwentsholongwane ikakhulu zibandakanya iimaski zonyango kunye ne-N95 masks. Ngokomgangatho wesizwe we-YY 0469-2004 "IiMfuno zobuGcisa kwiiMaski zoNyango lwezoNyango", izikhombisi ezibalulekileyo zobugcisa ekufuneka zihlangabezene nazo iimaski zotyando zibandakanya ukusebenza kakuhle kokucoca, ukusebenza kakuhle kokucoca ibhaktheriya, kunye nokunganyangeki kokuphefumla:
Ukusebenza kakuhle kokucoca: Ngaphantsi kwemeko yezinga lokuhamba komoya (30 ± 2) L / min, ukusebenza kakuhle kokucoca i-aerosol ye-sodium chloride kunye nobubanzi obuphakathi (0.24 ± 0.06) μ m kwi-aerodynamics ayikho ngaphantsi kwe-30%;
Ukuphumelela kokuhluzwa kwebhaktheriya: Phantsi kweemeko ezichaziweyo, ukusebenza kakuhle kokucoca kwe-Staphylococcus aureus aerosols kunye ne-avareji ye-particle diameter ye (3 ± 0.3) μ m ayiyi kuba ngaphantsi kwe-95%;
Ukuchasana nokuphefumula: Ngaphantsi kwemeko yezinga lokuhamba kakuhle kokucoca, ukuchasana kokuphefumula akudluli i-49Pa kwaye ukuchasana nokuphelelwa umoya akudluli i-29.4Pa.
Umlinganiselo wesibini wokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-bacterial filtration kukuba ukusebenza kakuhle kokucoca kwe-Staphylococcus aureus bacterial aerosols akufanele kube ngaphantsi kwe-95%, eyimvelaphi yengcamango ye-N95. Ke ngoko, nangona iimaski ze-N95 zingezizo iimaski zonyango, ziyahlangabezana nomgangatho wama-95% wokuhluza kakuhle kwaye zinokubulingana ngcono ubuso bomntu, ukuze zidlale indima entle kuthintelo lwentsholongwane.
Ilaphu elingalukwanga elivuthelweyo
Eyona nto izisa intsholongwane yokucoca intsholongwane kwezi ntlobo zimbini zeemaski lelona laphu lihle kakhulu kunye ne-electrostatic yangaphakathi yesihluzo – ilaphu elingalukwanga elinyibilikayo.
Eyona nto iphambili yelaphu elingalukwanga elinyibilikayo yi-polypropylene, elaphu le-electrostatic fayibha ecolekileyo kakhulu elinokuthi libambe uthuli. Xa amathontsi aqulethe intsholongwane yenyumoniya esondela kwilaphu elingalukwanga elinyibilikayo, aya kubhengezwa ngokwe-electrostatically kumphezulu welaphu elingalukwanga kwaye akakwazi ukudlula.
Lo ngumgaqo wale bhaktheriya yokuhlukanisa izinto. Emva kokubanjwa yi-ultrafine electrostatic fibers, uthuli kunzima kakhulu ukukhupha ngenxa yokucoca, kwaye ukuhlanjwa ngamanzi kunokonakalisa isakhono sokufunxa i-electrostatic. Ngoko ke, olu hlobo lwemaski lunokusetyenziswa kanye kuphela. Amanqanaba afanelekileyo okuhluzwa okunyibilikisiweyo kweemaski ezisicaba aquka: inqanaba eliqhelekileyo, i-BFE95 (i-95% yokuhluza kakuhle), i-BFE99 (i-99% yokuhluza kakuhle), i-VFE95 (i-99% esebenzayo yokuhluza), i-PFE95 (i-99% yokuhluza kakuhle), i-KN90 (i-90% yokuhluza kakuhle).
Ukuqulunqwa okuthe ngqo
Iimaski zotyando lwezonyango ziqhele ukwenziwa ngokwemigangatho emithathu yelaphu elingalukwanga. Imathiriyeli lilaphu eli-spunbond elingalukwanga+elaphu elinyibilikayo elingalukwanga+ilaphu le-spunbond elingaphothiweyo. Iintsinga ezimfutshane zingasetyenziswa kumaleko omnye ukuphucula ukumila kolusu, ezizezi ES ilaphu elishushu eliqengqelekayo elingalukwanga+elinyibilikisiweyo elingalukwanga+ilaphu eli-spunbond elingalukwanga. Umaleko wangaphandle wemaski wenzelwe ukukhusela amaconsi, umaleko ophakathi uyahluzwa, kwaye inkumbulo ibamba umswakama. Amalaphu e-Meltblown akhethwa ngokubanzi ukuba abe nobunzima be-20 grams.
Imaski yodidi lwekomityi ye-N95 yenziwe ngelaphu elihlatyiweyo elinaliti, ilaphu elinyibilikayo, kunye nelaphu elingalukwanga. Ilaphu elinyibilikisiweyo lidla ngokuba nobunzima obungama-40 grams okanye nangaphezulu, kwaye ngobunzima benaliti ephothiweyo yekotoni, ibonakala ijiyile kunemaski ecaba ngenkangeleko, kwaye umphumo wayo wokukhusela unokufikelela ubuncinci kwi-95%.
Iimaleko ezininzi zeemaski azichazwanga kumgangatho wesizwe we-GB/T 32610 weemaski. Ukuba i-mask yonyango, kufuneka ibe nemigangatho emi-3 ubuncinane, into esiyibiza ngokuba yi-SMS (i-2 i-S layer kunye ne-1 ye-M layer). Okwangoku, inani eliphezulu leengqimba e-China yi-5, eyi-SMMMS (i-2 layers ye-S layer kunye ne-3 ye-M layer). Akunzima ukwenza iimaski, kodwa kunzima ukwenza ilaphu le-SMMMS. Ixabiso lesixhobo selaphu elingalukwanga eliphuma kumazwe angaphandle lingaphezulu kwe-100 lezigidi zeeyuan.
U-S apha umele umaleko we-spunbond, onobubanzi bosinga orhabaxa ngokwentelekiso malunga nama-20 eemicrometers (μ m). Imigangatho emibini Sumaleko we-spunbondubukhulu becala ixhasa lonke ulwakhiwo lwelaphu non-lukiweyo kwaye ayinayo impembelelo ebalulekileyo kwiipropati umqobo.
Owona maleko ubaluleke kakhulu ngaphakathi kwemaski ngumaleko wesithintelo okanye umaleko onyibilikayo we-M. Idayamitha yefiber ye-meltblown layer incinci, ijikeleze i-2 micrometers (μ m), ngoko isinye seshumi kuphela sobubanzi bomaleko we-spunbond. Oku kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuthinteleni iintsholongwane kunye negazi ekungeneni.
Ukuba zininzi kakhulu iileya ze-S spunbond, imaski iya kuba nzima, ngelixa ukuba zininzi kakhulu i-M meltblown layers, ukuphefumla kuya kuba nzima ngakumbi. Ngoko ke, ubunzima bokuphefumla kwimaski ingasetyenziselwa ukugweba umphumo wayo wokuzihlukanisa. Okukhona kunzima ukuphefumla, ngcono umphumo wokuzihlukanisa. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umaleko we-M uba yifilimu encinci, ayiphefumli, kwaye iintsholongwane zivaliwe, kodwa abantu abanakuphefumla. Ngoko ke, oku kwakhona ngumba wobugcisa.
Ukuwubonisa ngcono umcimbi, siya kuthelekisa umaleko we-spunbond S fiber, i-meltblown layer M fiber, kunye neenwele kulo mfanekiso ulandelayo. Kwiinwele ezinobubanzi obuyi-1/3, ikufutshane ne-spunbond layer fiber, ngelixa iinwele ezinobubanzi obuyi-1/30, zisondele kwi-meltblown layer M fiber. Ewe kunjalo, abaphandi basaphuhlisa iifiber eziphucukileyo zokuqinisekisa iipropathi ezingcono ze-antibacterial kunye nezithintelo.
Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngaphambili, i-M igqwesile umaleko, ngakumbi kunokuthintela ukungena kwamasuntswana amancinci afana neebhaktheriya. Ngokomzekelo, i-N95 ibhekisela kwikhono lokuvimba i-95% yeencinci ezincinci (i-0.3 microns) phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo. Ngokomgangatho wesizwe we-GB/T 19083 yeemaski zokhuselo lwezonyango, ukusebenza kakuhle kokucoca imaski yamasuntswana angenawo ioyile kuyahlangabezana neemfuno ezikwitheyibhile engezantsi kumyinge wokuhamba kwerhasi we-85L/min.
Itheyibhile 1: Amanqanaba okucoca iiMaski zoKhuseleko lwezoNyango
Ukusuka kule ngcaciso ingasentla, i-N95 eneneni sisimaski esine-5-layer eyenziwe ngelaphu le-polypropylene elingalukwanga yi-SMMMS enokucoca i-95% yamasuntswana amahle.
Dongguan Liansheng Non woven Technology Co., Ltd.yasekwa ngoMeyi 2020. Lishishini elikhulu lemveliso yelaphu elingalukiweyo elidibanisa uphando nophuhliso, imveliso, kunye neentengiso. Inokuvelisa imibala eyahlukeneyo ye-PP spunbond amalaphu angalukwanga kunye nobubanzi obungaphantsi kwe-3.2 yeemitha ukusuka kwi-9 grams ukuya kwi-300 grams.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-18-2024