I-Polylactic acid iyimpahla ebolayo futhi ingesinye sezinto ezithembisayo zefayibha ekhulwini lama-21.I-Polylactic acid (PLA)ayikho ngokwemvelo futhi idinga ukuhlanganiswa kokwenziwa. I-lactic acid eluhlaza ivutshelwa ezitshalweni ezinjengokolweni, isithombo sebhitrudi, umdumbula, ummbila, nomanyolo wemvelo. Imicu ye-polylactic acid, eyaziwa nangokuthi imicu yommbila, ingatholakala ngokuphotha.
Ukwakhiwa kwemicu ye-polylactic acid
I-lactic acid itholakala ku-yogurt. Kamuva, ososayensi bathola ukuthi i-asidi ekhiqizwa ukunyakaza kwemisipha ezilwaneni nakubantu i-lactic acid. Ukusungulwa kwe-DuPont Corporation (umsunguli wenayiloni) kwaba ngeyokuqala ukusebenzisa ama-polymer e-lactic acid ukulungisa izinto ze-polylactic acid polymer elabhorethri.
Ucwaningo nokuthuthukiswa kwemicu ye-polylactic acid inomlando ongaphezu kwengxenye yekhulu leminyaka. I-Cyanamid, inkampani yaseMelika, yenza i-polylactic acid absorbable sutures ngawo-1960. Ngo-1989, i-Zhong Fang yaseJapane kanye ne-Shimadzu Manufacturing Institute babambisana ukuthuthukisa i-polylactic acid fiber ehlanzekile (i-Lacton TM) kanye nenhlanganisela yayo nemicu yemvelo (i-Corn Fiber TM), eyaboniswa ku-1998 Nagano Winter Games; I-Unijica Corporation yaseJapan ithuthukise i-polylactic acid filament kanye ne-spunbond nonwoven fabric (TerramacTM) ngo-2000. I-Cargill Dow Polymers (CDP) e-United States (manje eyi-NatureWorks) ikhiphe uchungechunge lwemikhiqizo (i-IngeoTM) ehlanganisa ama-polylactic acid resins, ama-fibers, namafilimu ngo-2003 ukukhiqiza uchungechunge lwe-Trevirange TM eJalimane ukukhiqiza i-Trevirangeoven eJalimane izindwangu ezisetshenziswa emikhakheni efana nezimoto, izindwangu zasekhaya, nenhlanzeko.
Inqubo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemicu ye-polylactic acid
Njengamanje, izindwangu ezingezona ezilukiwe ze-PLA ezijwayelekile zenziwe nge-high optical purity L-polylactic acid (PLLA) njengempahla eluhlaza, zisebenzisa izici zayo zokucwebezela okuphezulu nokumayo, futhi zilungiswa ngezinqubo ezihlukene zokuphotha (ukuphotha okuncibilikayo, ukuphotha okumanzi, ukuphotha okomile, ukuphotha okumanzi okomile, ukuphotha kwe-electrostatic, njll.). Phakathi kwazo, izintambo ezincibilikile ze-polylactic acid (imicu ende, imicu emifushane) ingasetshenziswa emkhakheni wezingubo zokugqoka, izindwangu zasekhaya, njll. Imishini yokukhiqiza kanye nenqubo ifana ne-polyester, ene-spinnability enhle nokusebenza okulinganiselwe. Ngemuva kokuguqulwa okufanele, imicu ye-polylactic acid ingafinyelela i-flame retardant ephakeme (ukuzicisha ngokwayo) kanye nezakhiwo zemvelo ze-antibacterial. Kodwa-ke, i-melt spun PLA fiber isenayo indawo yokuthuthukisa amandla emishini, izinga lokushisa eliphakeme lokuzinza kobukhulu, ukuqina nokumelana nokuguga.
Ukuphotha okumanzi, ukuphotha okomile, ukuphotha okumanzi okomile, kanye ne-electrospinning yemicu ye-polylactic acid (amamembrane) kusetshenziswa kakhulu emkhakheni wezokwelapha. Imikhiqizo emele ihlanganisa ama-suture amunca amandla aphezulu, abathwali bezidakamizwa, ama-anti adhesion membranes, isikhumba sokwenziwa, izikafula zobunjiniyela bezicubu, njll.
Ngokukhula kwesidingo sezindwangu ezingalukiwe ezilahlwayo kwezokwelapha, ukuhlanzeka, ukuhlunga, ukuhlobisa kanye neminye imikhakha, izindwangu ezingalukiwe ze-polylactic acid nazo seziphenduke enye yezindawo ezishisayo zocwaningo nentuthuko.
Ngawo-1990, iNyuvesi yaseTennessee e-United States yaqale yafunda i-polylactic acid spunbond futhi yancibilikisa izindwangu ezingalukiwe eziphephukayo. I-Zhongfang yase-Japan kamuva yathuthukisa izindwangu ze-polylactic acid spunbond ezingalukiwe zokusetshenziswa kwezolimo, kuyilapho inkampani yase-France ye-Fibreweb yathuthukisa i-polylactic acid spunbond, izindwangu ezingalukiwe ezincibilikayo ezincibilikayo, kanye nezakhiwo eziyinhlanganisela yezendlalelo eziningi (DepositaTM). Phakathi kwazo, ungqimba lwendwangu engalukiwe ye-spunbond luhlinzeka ngokuyinhloko usekelo lwemishini, kuyilapho ungqimba lwendwangu engalukiwe encibilikayo ephephukayo kanye nongqimba lwendwangu engalukiwe ye-spunbond luhlinzeka ngokuhlanganyela umgoqo, ukukhangisa, ukuhlunga, kanye nemiphumela yokufakwa kwensimbi.
I-Domestic Tongji University, i-Shanghai Tongjieliang Biomaterials Co., Ltd., i-Hengtian Changjiang Biomaterials Co., Ltd. namanye amayunithi athuthukise ngempumelelo izindwangu ezingalukiwe ezifana ne-viscose ephothiweyo, ephothiweyo, egoqiwe eshisayo, umoya oshisayo, njll. ama-napkin nama-diapers e-sanitary, kanye ne-mask yobuso, izikhwama zetiye, izinto zokuhlunga umoya namanzi neminye imikhiqizo.
I-Polylactic acid fiber iye yakhuthazwa kabanzi futhi yasetshenziswa ngaphakathi kwezimoto, izinyanda zikagwayi, nakwezinye izindawo ngenxa yomthombo wayo wemvelo, ukubola kwemvelo, kanye nobungane bemvelo.
Izici zemicu ye-polylactic acid
Enye yezinzuzo ezihlonishwa kakhulu zemicu ye-polylactic acid yikhono layo lokubola noma ukumunca emzimbeni. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile zokuvundisa, ukubola kwe-biodegradability kufanele kulinganiswe, futhi imikhiqizo yokuwohloka amanzi kanye ne-carbon dioxide. Imicu ye-polylactic acid evamile i-hydrolyze kancane noma kunzima ngisho nokuyibona ekusetshenzisweni okuvamile noma ezindaweni eziningi zemvelo. Isibonelo, uma ungcwatshwa enhlabathini yemvelo unyaka, ngokuyisisekelo ayinciphisi, kodwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile zokushisa komquba, iyancipha isikhathi esingangesonto.
Ukuwohloka nokumuncwa kwemicu ye-polylactic acid ku-vivo kuthintwa kakhulu ubucwebe bayo. Ukuhlolwa kokulingisa kokucekelwa phansi kwe-vitro kubonise ukuthi imicu ye-polylactic acid ephezulu ye-crystallinity isalondoloza ukwakheka kwayo namandla acishe abe ngu-80% ngemva kweminyaka engu-5.3, futhi ingase ithathe iminyaka engu-40-50 ukuncipha ngokugcwele.
Ukuqamba kanye nokwandiswa kwemicu ye-polylactic acid
Njengenhlobonhlobo ye-fiber yamakhemikhali eye yathuthukiswa futhi yakhiqizwa isikhathi esingaphezu kwengxenye yekhulu leminyaka, ukusetshenziswa kwangempela kwe-polylactic acid fiber kusengaphansi kwenkulungwane ye-polyester fiber. Nakuba isici sezindleko silinganisa kuqala, ukusebenza kwayo akunakuzitshwa. Ukuguqulwa kuyindlela yokuthuthukisa imicu ye-polylactic acid.
I-China ingumkhiqizi omkhulu kanye nomthengi wemicu yamakhemikhali, futhi eminyakeni yamuva nje, ucwaningo lwemicu ye-polylactic acid eguquliwe lubekwe phambili. Imicu ye-polylactic acid ingahlanganiswa “nokotini, ilineni, noboya” bendabuko bendabuko ukwenza izindwangu ezilukiwe nezilukiweyo zomshini ngokusebenza okuhambisanayo, kanye neminye imicu yamakhemikhali efana ne-spandex ne-PTT ukwenza izindwangu, ezibonisa isikhumba esinobungane, esiphefumulayo, nemiphumela yokususa umswakama. Sebekhushulelwe emkhakheni wezindwangu zangaphansi.
I-Dongguan Liansheng Nonwoven Fabric Co., Ltd., umkhiqizi wezindwangu ezingezona eziboshwe kanye nezindwangu ezingezona ezilukiwe, ufanelwe ukwethenjwa kwakho!
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-11-2024