Ukusetshenziswa okufanele kwezindwangu ezingalukiwe zokutshala izithombo zelayisi

1.Izinzuzo zezindwangu ezingalukiwe zokutshala izithombo zelayisi

1.1 Ivalekile futhi iyaphefumula, futhi izinga lokushisa lishintsha kancane embhedeni wembewu, okuholela ekukhuleni kwezithombo ezisezingeni eliphezulu neziqinile.

1.2 Akudingeki ukungena komoya ukuze kutshalwe izithombo, okusindisa umsebenzi nomsebenzi. Indwangu engalukiwe iyaguga futhi iklebhukile, okwenza ifaneleke ikakhulukazi amasimu ezithombo ahlwanyela sekwephuzile.

1.3 Ukuhwamuka kwamanzi aphansi, nciphisa imvamisa yokunisela kanye nenani.

1.4 Indwangu engalukiwe iqinile futhi iyawasheka, futhi ingasetshenziswa ngokuqhubekayo iminyaka engaphezu kwemi-3.

I-1.5 arched isithombo ukutshala kudinga indwangu eyodwa kuphela engalukiwe endaweni ngayinye yombhede, kuyilapho ifilimu yepulasitiki idinga amashidi angu-1.50, eshibhile kunokusebenzisa ifilimu yepulasitiki futhi inokungcoliswa kwemvelo okuncane.

2. Ukulungiselela izithombo

2.1 Lungiselela izinto ezanele zokutshala izithombo: izindwangu ezingalukiwe, ama-racks, inhlabathi enomsoco, izilawuli, njll.

2.2 Khetha indawo efanelekile yokuzalela: Ngokujwayelekile, khetha indawo eyisicaba, eyomile, edonsa amanzi kalula, futhi evunguza umoya ebukeka libalele; Ukutshala izithombo eHonda, kuyadingeka ukukhetha indawo esezingeni eliphakeme futhi wakhe amapulatifomu aphezulu ukuze kuzuzwe izimo ezomile zokulima.

2.3 Khetha izindlela ezifanelekile zokutshala izithombo: ukutshala izithombo ezomile ezijwayelekile, ukutshala izithombo zamadiski athambile, ukutshala izithombo ze-isolation layer, kanye nokutshala izithombo zethreyi.

2.4 Ukulungisa umhlabathi kanye nokwenza umbhede: ngokuvamile 10-15cm, nomsele wokudonsa amanzi ukushona kuka-10cm. Lapho ukhulisa izithombo emasimini omile aphezulu futhi owomile kanye namasimu angadini, kwanele ukuhlala embhedeni oyisicaba noma umbhede ophakeme kancane.

3. Ukucutshungulwa kwembewu

Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, khetha isimo sezulu esihle ukuze uthole imbewu yelanga izinsuku ezingu-2-3. Sebenzisa amanzi anosawoti ukukhetha imbewu (20g kasawoti ngekhilogremu yamanzi). Ngemuva kokukhetha, zihlanza kahle ngamanzi. Gcoba imbewu kusixazululo sokucwiliswa kwembewu izikhathi ezingama-300-400 izinsuku ezingama-5-7 kuze kube yilapho ama-buds ephuka.

4 .Ukuhlwanyela

4.1 Thola isikhathi sokuhlwanyela esifanele kanye nenani. Ngokuvamile, usuku olungemva kweminyaka yezithombo, okuyinani lezinsuku izithombo zelayisi ezikhula ngazo embhedeni wembewu, zibalwa emuva kusukela ngosuku lokutshala kabusha okuhleliwe. Isibonelo, uma ukufakelwa kabusha kuhlelwa ngoMeyi 20 futhi iminyaka yezithombo iyizinsuku ezingama-35, khona-ke u-Ephreli 15, okuwusuku lokuhlwanyela, luzohlehliswa izinsuku ezingama-35 kusukela ngoMeyi 20. Njengamanje, ukufakelwa kwerayisi ikakhulukazi kusetshenziswa izithombo eziphakathi nendawo, ezineminyaka eyizithombo yezinsuku ezingama-30-35.

4.2 Ukulungiswa Kwenhlabathi Enomsoco. Sebenzisa umquba wasensimini obole ngokuphelele, uwuthele kahle bese uwusefe, bese uwuxuba nomhlabathi wengadi noma omunye umhlabathi wezivakashi ngesilinganiso esingu-1:2-3 ukuze wenze inhlabathi enomsoco. Faka u-150g we-ejenti yokuqinisa izithombo, uhlanganise umhlabathi ngokulinganayo.

4.3 Inqubo yokuhlwanyela. Hlala embhedeni ngokucophelela futhi uthele amanzi kahle; Namathela esimisweni sokuhlwanyela kancane kanye nokutshala izithombo ezinamandla; Ukutshala izithombo ezomile kubandakanya ukuhlwanyela u-200-300g wembewu eyomile ngemitha yesikwele, futhi inani lembewu elisetshenziselwa ukutshala izithombo lingancishiswa ngokufanele kusetshenziswa amathreyi athambile noma aphonsa.

Imbewu kufanele ihlwanyelwe ngokulinganayo, futhi ngemva kokuhlwanyela, sebenzisa umshanelo noma ibhodi lepulangwe elibushelelezi ukuze umbambathe noma ucindezele imbewu emhlabathini ezinhlangothini ezintathu. Bese umboza ngokulinganayo ngongqimba lwenhlabathi engu-0.50cm ehlutshiwe evulekile ukuze uvale futhi ubulale utshani, bese umboza ngefilimu yepulasitiki. Ngokushesha vala indawo yombhede ngefilimu yepulasitiki encane kakhulu ebanzi njengombhede futhi ide kancane kunombhede ngemuva kokuvala nokukhipha ukhula, ukuze kwandiswe izinga lokushisa futhi ugcine umswakama, ukhuthaze ukuvela kwezithombo kusenesikhathi. Ngemva kokuvela kwezithombo, susa lolu ngqimba lwefilimu yepulasitiki ngesikhathi esifanele ukuze uvimbele ukushiswa kwezithombo ngezinga eliphezulu lokushisa.

4.4 Mboza ngendwangu engalukiwe. Imbozwe ngama-arches. Faka uhlaka lwamathambo ngokomkhuba wendawo wokutshalwa kwezithombo zefilimu yezolimo ebanzi evulekile futhi evaliwe, umboze ngendwangu engalukiwe, ucindezele uqinise nomhlabathi nxazonke, bese ubopha intambo.

Isembozo samahhala esiyisicaba samathambo. Indlela yokwakha inhlabathi ezungeza umbhede enobude obuyi-10-15cm, bese welula indwangu engalukiwe ibe isicaba. Izinhlangothi ezine zibekwe phezu kwe-ridge futhi zicindezelwe ngokuqinile ngenhlabathi. Izintambo ezinqamula i-windbreak nezinye ireferensi yezolimo.

5. Ukuphathwa kwensimu yezithombo

Ukutshala izithombo zendwangu engalukiwe akudingi ukushaywa umoya nokutshalwa kwezandla, futhi kukhona nesenzakalo esiyivelakancane se-bacterial wilt. Ngakho-ke, inqobo nje uma ukunakekelwa kukhokhwa ekugcwaliseni amanzi kanye nokukhishwa okufika ngesikhathi kwefilimu yepulasitiki.

5.1 Ukukhipha ama-membrane kanye nokugcwalisa amanzi. Ukusebenza kahle kokusetshenziswa kwamanzi kokutshalwa kwezithombo zendwangu engalukiwe kuphezulu, futhi imvamisa yokunisela ngesikhathi sokutshala ingaphansi kwaleyo yokutshalwa kwezithombo zefilimu yepulasitiki. Uma umswakama womhlabathi wombhede unganele, ungalingani, noma umhlabathi ongaphezulu uphenduka ube mhlophe ngenxa yemisebenzi yokutshala izithombo engafanele, sebenzisa ithini lokuchelela ufafaze ngqo endwangwini. Uma inhlabathi yombhede imanzi kakhulu noma ngisho namanzi lapho ukhulisa izithombo ku-Honda noma iziza eziphansi, kuyadingeka ukususa ifilimu yombhede bese uhambisa umbhede ukuze ususe umswakama, uvimbele ama-buds abolile nembewu embi, futhi ukhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa kwezimpande. Lapho ugcwalisa amanzi, okokuqala, kufanele agcwaliswe ngokuphelele, futhi okwesibili, kufanele kwenziwe ekuseni noma kusihlwa ukugwema izinga lokushisa eliphezulu emini. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa amanzi omisiwe ukuze ugweme "amanzi abandayo athululela ekhanda elishisayo". Okwesithathu, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa ithini lokuchelela iso elihle ukufutha esikhundleni sokukhukhula.

Lapho izithombo zelayisi zinekhanda eliluhlaza, ifilimu yepulasitiki ebekwe phansi phezu kombhede kufanele ikhishwe, bese indawo eveziwe kufanele ibuyiselwe futhi ihlanganiswe.

5.2 Ukugqoka okuphezulu. Isithombo serayisi sekhwalithi ephezulu kanye ne-ejenti yokuqinisa izithombo (eyaziwa nangokuthi isilawuli) enemisoco eyanele kanye nenani elifanele lezakhamzimba ingaqinisekisa ukuthi ukuvundiswa okukodwa kungahlangabezana nezidingo zezakhi zezithombo phakathi naso sonke isikhathi sezithombo, futhi ngokuvamile akudingi ukuvundiswa okwengeziwe.

5.3 Ukuvimbela kanye nokulawula ukonakala kwebhaktheriya. Ukubeka ukuvimbela kuqala, okuhlanganisa nokulungiselela ochwepheshe bokudla okunezithombo okusezingeni eliphezulu abanamanani e-pH afanelekile, ukudala izimo ezinhle zokuthuthukiswa kwezimpande zesithombo serayisi, ukuqinisa ukuphathwa kwezinga lokushisa, umswakama, kanye nezakhamzimba embhedeni wezithombo, nokutshala izithombo eziqinile ezikwazi ukumelana nezifo eziqinile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusebenzisa ama-ejenti akhethekile afanelekile nakho kungafinyelela imiphumela emihle yokulawula.

6. Izinyathelo zokuqapha zokutshala izithombo zendwangu

6.1 Khetha izindwangu ezingalukiwe eziklanyelwe ukutshala izithombo zelayisi.

6.2 Lungiselela ngokuqinile inhlabathi enomsoco ukuze kutshalwe izithombo, futhi izinto eziqinisa izithombo zelayisi ezisezingeni eliphezulu kanye nenani elifanele lenhlabathi enomsoco ukuze kutshalwe izithombo kufanele kukhethwe.

6.3 Yenza ukuhluma kwembewu ngokuqinile futhi ufudumale ngokushesha. Umthelela wokufakelwa kwezindwangu ezingalukiwe zokutshalwa kwezithombo zelayisi awumuhle njengalowo wamafilimu ezolimo. Ukuqinisekisa ukuvela kwezithombo kusenesikhathi, okuphelele nokuphelele, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukuhluma kwembewu ngokuqinile ngokwezinqubo zokusebenza; Okwesibili, kuyadingeka ukumboza umbhede ngefilimu yepulasitiki noma ukumboza ishede ngefilimu endala yezolimo esigabeni sokuqala sokutshalwa kwezithombo ukuze kuthuthukiswe umphumela wokufakelwa.

6.4 Khipha ngokushesha izindlela zokufudumeza ezisizayo. Phakathi nenkathi kusukela ekhanda yenaliti eluhlaza kuya kweqabunga elingu-1 nenhliziyo engu-1 yezithombo, ifilimu yepulasitiki ebekwe phezu kombhede kufanele isuswe ngokushesha, futhi ifilimu yepulasitiki noma ifilimu endala yezolimo embozwe ngendwangu engalukiwe kufanele isuswe.

6.5 Ukunisela ngesikhathi. Ukuze wonge amanzi futhi uqinisekise ukuchelela okufanayo, sebenzisa ithini lokuchelela ukuze ufafaze indwangu ngokuqondile. I-arc ye-arch shed inkulu kakhulu, futhi idinga ukwembulwa futhi iniselwe.

6.6 Bamba ngokuguquguqukayo isikhathi sokwembulwa. Lapho kusondela isikhathi sokufakelwa kabusha, ukunakwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe ekushintsheni kokushisa kwangaphandle ukuze kugwenywe izinga lokushisa eliphezulu elibangela ukuba izithombo zikhule ngokweqile eshedini elingalukiwe. Kufanele kuvezwe ngesikhathi esifanele ngokwesimo esithile. Uma izinga lokushisa langaphandle liphansi futhi ukukhula kwesithombo kungaqinile, kungadalulwa ngalobo busuku; Uma izinga lokushisa langaphandle liphezulu kakhulu futhi izithombo zikhula ngamandla, kufanele zivezwe kusenesikhathi; Ngokuvamile, lapho izinga lokushisa ngaphakathi kweshede liqhubeka lingaphezu kuka-28 ℃, indwangu kufanele isuswe.